{"id":1005942,"date":"2024-12-27T10:40:04","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T02:40:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1005942.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T10:40:07","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T02:40:07","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8c%e5%a4%9a%e4%b8%aapython%e7%b1%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1005942.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2apython\u7c7b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2apython\u7c7b\"<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7ee7\u627f\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2aPython\u7c7b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u7ee7\u627f\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff08\u5b50\u7c7b\uff09\u4ece\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff08\u7236\u7c7b\uff09\u7ee7\u627f\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7f16\u5199<\/strong>\u3002\u7ee7\u627f\u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u5b50\u7c7b\u91cd\u5199\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u7ee7\u627f\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2aPython\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u6784\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u5197\u4f59\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u52a8\u7269\u201d\u7c7b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u521b\u5efa\u201c\u732b\u201d\u548c\u201c\u72d7\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u5b50\u7c7b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b50\u7c7b\u5c06\u7ee7\u627f\u52a8\u7269\u7c7b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u81ea\u7279\u6709\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

class Animal:<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, name):<\/p>\n
        self.name = name<\/p>\n
    def speak(self):<\/p>\n
        pass<\/p>\n
class Cat(Animal):<\/p>\n
    def speak(self):<\/p>\n
        return f"{self.name} says Meow!"<\/p>\n
class Dog(Animal):<\/p>\n
    def speak(self):<\/p>\n
        return f"{self.name} says Woof!"<\/p>\n
cat = Cat("Kitty")<\/p>\n
dog = Dog("Buddy")<\/p>\n
print(cat.speak())  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aKitty says Meow!<\/p>\n
print(dog.speak())  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aBuddy says Woof!<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cCat\u548cDog\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u81eaAnimal\u7c7b\u3001\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\u90fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684speak\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2aPython\u7c7b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7ec4\u5408\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002\u4e0e\u7ee7\u627f\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u7ec4\u5408\u5141\u8bb8\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u7ec4\u5408\u3001\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7528\u9014\u662f\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8be5\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u96c6\u4e2d\u63a7\u5236\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class Engine:<\/p>\n
    def start(self):<\/p>\n
        return "Engine started"<\/p>\n
class Wheels:<\/p>\n
    def roll(self):<\/p>\n
        return "Wheels rolling"<\/p>\n
class Car:<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, engine, wheels):<\/p>\n
        self.engine = engine<\/p>\n
        self.wheels = wheels<\/p>\n
    def drive(self):<\/p>\n
        engine_status = self.engine.start()<\/p>\n
        wheels_status = self.wheels.roll()<\/p>\n
        return f"Car driving: {engine_status}, {wheels_status}"<\/p>\n
engine = Engine()<\/p>\n
wheels = Wheels()<\/p>\n
car = Car(engine, wheels)<\/p>\n
print(car.drive())  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aCar driving: Engine started, Wheels rolling<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cCar\u7c7b\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4\u5408Engine\u548cWheels\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97Car\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u7ba1\u7406Engine\u548cWheels\u7684\u8fd0\u884c<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u5305\u7ec4\u7ec7\u591a\u4e2aPython\u7c7b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7c7b\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u3001\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542bPython\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u5305\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7c7b\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u653e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3avehicles\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5982car.py\u548cbike.py\u3002\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u5bfc\u5165\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# vehicles\/car.py<\/p>\n
class Car:<\/p>\n
    def drive(self):<\/p>\n
        return "Car driving"<\/p>\n
vehicles\/bike.py<\/strong><\/h2>\n
class Bike:<\/p>\n
    def ride(self):<\/p>\n
        return "Bike riding"<\/p>\n
mAI<\/a>n.py<\/strong><\/h2>\n
from vehicles.car import Car<\/p>\n
from vehicles.bike import Bike<\/p>\n
car = Car()<\/p>\n
bike = Bike()<\/p>\n
print(car.drive())  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aCar driving<\/p>\n
print(bike.ride())  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aBike riding<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u8f7b\u677e\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2aPython\u7c7b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5e76\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e76\u53d1\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e76\u53d1\u8fd0\u884c<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728I\/O\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86threading\u548cmultiprocessing\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import threading<\/p>\n
class TaskA(threading.Thread):<\/p>\n
    def run(self):<\/p>\n
        for _ in range(5):<\/p>\n
            print("Task A")<\/p>\n
class TaskB(threading.Thread):<\/p>\n
    def run(self):<\/p>\n
        for _ in range(5):<\/p>\n
            print("Task B")<\/p>\n
task_a = TaskA()<\/p>\n
task_b = TaskB()<\/p>\n
task_a.start()<\/p>\n
task_b.start()<\/p>\n
task_a.join()<\/p>\n
task_b.join()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cTaskA\u548cTaskB\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u81eathreading.Thread\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684run\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5e76\u8c03\u7528start\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e76\u53d1\u5730\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u7684\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2aPython\u7c7b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u4e0d\u521b\u5efa\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\u7c7b\u4e2d\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5219\u63a5\u6536\u7c7b\u672c\u8eab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7528\u9014\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0e\u7c7b\u76f8\u5173\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u7c7b\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class MathOperations:<\/p>\n
    @staticmethod<\/p>\n
    def add(x, y):<\/p>\n
        return x + y<\/p>\n
    @classmethod<\/p>\n
    def multiply(cls, x, y):<\/p>\n
        return x * y<\/p>\n
result_add = MathOperations.add(5, 3)<\/p>\n
result_multiply = MathOperations.multiply(5, 3)<\/p>\n
print(result_add)      # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a8<\/p>\n
print(result_multiply) # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a15<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cMathOperations\u7c7b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5add\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5multiply\u3001\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u521b\u5efa\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8fd0\u884c<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u62bd\u8c61\u57fa\u7c7b\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2aPython\u7c7b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u9075\u5faa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u65f6\uff0c\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u62bd\u8c61\u57fa\u7c7b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u62bd\u8c61\u57fa\u7c7b\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u5fc5\u987b\u7531\u5b50\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u7684abc\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u521b\u5efa\u62bd\u8c61\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod<\/p>\n
class Animal(ABC):<\/p>\n
    @abstractmethod<\/p>\n
    def speak(self):<\/p>\n
        pass<\/p>\n
class Cat(Animal):<\/p>\n
    def speak(self):<\/p>\n
        return "Meow!"<\/p>\n
class Dog(Animal):<\/p>\n
    def speak(self):<\/p>\n
        return "Woof!"<\/p>\n
cat = Cat()<\/p>\n
dog = Dog()<\/p>\n
print(cat.speak())  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aMeow!<\/p>\n
print(dog.speak())  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aWoof!<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cAnimal\u7c7b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u57fa\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5speak\u3001Cat\u548cDog\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u63a5\u53e3<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2aPython\u7c7b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u8be5\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u7c7b\u5185\u90e8\u521b\u5efa\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u65f6\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u548c\u53ef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6027<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u7c7b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u534f\u4f5c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class Database:<\/p>\n
    def connect(self):<\/p>\n
        return "Database connected"<\/p>\n
class Service:<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, database):<\/p>\n
        self.database = database<\/p>\n
    def perform_action(self):<\/p>\n
        return self.database.connect()<\/p>\n
database = Database()<\/p>\n
service = Service(database)<\/p>\n
print(service.perform_action())  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aDatabase connected<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cService\u7c7b\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536Database\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3001\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97Service\u7c7b\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684Database\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6027<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2aPython\u7c7b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u65f6\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u534f\u4f5c<\/strong>\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\u5355\u4f8b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u6a21\u5f0f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5355\u4f8b\u6a21\u5f0f\u786e\u4fdd\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u8be5\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u5219\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u6307\u5b9a\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class Singleton:<\/p>\n
    _instance = None<\/p>\n
    def __new__(cls, *args, kwargs):<\/p>\n
        if not cls._instance:<\/p>\n
            cls._instance = super(Singleton, cls).__new__(cls, *args, kwargs)<\/p>\n
        return cls._instance<\/p>\n
singleton1 = Singleton()<\/p>\n
singleton2 = Singleton()<\/p>\n
print(singleton1 is singleton2)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aTrue<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cSingleton\u7c7b\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u4f8b\u6a21\u5f0f\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3001\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u65f6\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5e95\u90e8\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c7b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u548c\u663e\u793a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u521b\u5efa\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u8c03\u7528\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Python\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u5c06\u7c7b\u5206\u6563\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5bfc\u5165\u8bed\u53e5\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5bfc\u5165\u5230\u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6240\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u5165\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 import<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u6216 from ... import ...<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u5bfc\u5165\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2aPython\u7c7b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u6a21\u5f0f\u6216\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7c7b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7ee7\u627f\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2aPython\u7c7b \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u7ee7\u627f\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff08\u5b50\u7c7b\uff09\u4ece […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1005954,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1005942"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1005942"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1005942\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1005956,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1005942\/revisions\/1005956"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1005954"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1005942"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1005942"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1005942"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}