{"id":1012890,"date":"2024-12-27T11:43:07","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T03:43:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1012890.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T11:43:23","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T03:43:23","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8opssl%e5%ba%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1012890.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528opssl\u5e93"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528opssl\u5e93\"<\/p>\n

Python\u4f7f\u7528OpenSSL\u5e93\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528pyOpenSSL\u5e93\u3001\u4f7f\u7528cryptography\u5e93\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/strong>\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528cryptography\u5e93\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684API\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e14\u6587\u6863\u4e30\u5bcc\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528OpenSSL\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001PYOPENSSL\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

PyOpenSSL\u662fPython\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c01\u88c5OpenSSL\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9SSL\/TLS\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u5b89\u88c5PyOpenSSL<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u8981\u4f7f\u7528PyOpenSSL\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    pip install pyOpenSSL<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u4f7f\u7528PyOpenSSL\u521b\u5efaSSL\u8fde\u63a5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      PyOpenSSL\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efaSSL\/TLS\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528PyOpenSSL\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      from OpenSSL import SSL<\/p>\n
      import socket<\/p>\n
      context = SSL.Context(SSL.SSLv23_METHOD)<\/p>\n
      sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)<\/p>\n
      connection = SSL.Connection(context, sock)<\/p>\n
      connection.connect(('www.example.com', 443))<\/p>\n
      connection.do_handshake()<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aSSL\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aSSL\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e76\u8fdb\u884cSSL\u63e1\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u4f7f\u7528PyOpenSSL\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc1\u4e66\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        PyOpenSSL\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406X.509\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u89e3\u6790\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc1\u4e66\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        from OpenSSL import crypto<\/p>\n
        def load_certificate(cert_file):<\/p>\n
            with open(cert_file, 'rb') as f:<\/p>\n
                cert_data = f.read()<\/p>\n
            certificate = crypto.load_certificate(crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, cert_data)<\/p>\n
            return certificate<\/p>\n
        cert = load_certificate('certificate.pem')<\/p>\n
        print(cert.get_subject())<\/p>\n
        print(cert.get_issuer())<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2aPEM\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528crypto.load_certificate<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u52a0\u8f7d\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u548c\u9881\u53d1\u8005\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4e8c\u3001CRYPTOGRAPHY\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        Cryptography\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6bd4PyOpenSSL\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684API\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u64cd\u4f5c\u52a0\u5bc6\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u5b89\u88c5cryptography\u5e93<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5cryptography\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          pip install cryptography<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u4f7f\u7528cryptography\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u89e3\u5bc6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            cryptography\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528Fernet\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            from cryptography.fernet import Fernet<\/p>\n
            \u751f\u6210\u5bc6\u94a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            key = Fernet.generate_key()<\/p>\n
            cipher = Fernet(key)<\/p>\n
            \u52a0\u5bc6\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            data = b"Secret data"<\/p>\n
            encrypted = cipher.encrypt(data)<\/p>\n
            \u89e3\u5bc6\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            decrypted = cipher.decrypt(encrypted)<\/p>\n
            print("Encrypted:", encrypted)<\/p>\n
            print("Decrypted:", decrypted)<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2aFernet\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u89e3\u5bc6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u4f7f\u7528cryptography\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc1\u4e66\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              cryptography\u5e93\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u89e3\u6790X.509\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u6790\u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              from cryptography import x509<\/p>\n
              from cryptography.hazmat.backends import default_backend<\/p>\n
              def load_certificate(cert_file):<\/p>\n
                  with open(cert_file, 'rb') as f:<\/p>\n
                      cert_data = f.read()<\/p>\n
                  certificate = x509.load_pem_x509_certificate(cert_data, default_backend())<\/p>\n
                  return certificate<\/p>\n
              cert = load_certificate('certificate.pem')<\/p>\n
              print(cert.subject)<\/p>\n
              print(cert.issuer)<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bfb\u53d6PEM\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528x509.load_pem_x509_certificate<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u52a0\u8f7d\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u548c\u9881\u53d1\u8005\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u4e09\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u5883<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u4f7f\u7528OpenSSL\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5df2\u6b63\u786e\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u914d\u7f6eOpenSSL\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u5b89\u88c5OpenSSL<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff08\u5982apt\u6216yum\uff09\u5b89\u88c5OpenSSL\u3002\u5728Windows\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceOpenSSL\u5b98\u7f51\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  \n
                1. \u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  \u5728Windows\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5OpenSSL\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06OpenSSL\u7684bin\u76ee\u5f55\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684PATH\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884cOpenSSL\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u56db\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u7528\u7684OpenSSL\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                    \n
                  1. \u751f\u6210SSL\u8bc1\u4e66<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                    \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528OpenSSL\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u751f\u6210\u81ea\u7b7e\u540dSSL\u8bc1\u4e66\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                    openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout private.key -out certificate.crt<\/p>\n
                    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a2048\u4f4d\u7684RSA\u5bc6\u94a5\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u671f\u4e3a365\u5929\u7684\u81ea\u7b7e\u540d\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                      \n
                    1. \u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bc1\u4e66<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                      \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528OpenSSL\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bc1\u4e66\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                      openssl verify -CAfile ca.crt certificate.crt<\/p>\n
                      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                      \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u9a8c\u8bc1certificate.crt<\/code>\u662f\u5426\u7531ca.crt<\/code>\u7b7e\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                        \n
                      1. \u8f6c\u6362\u8bc1\u4e66\u683c\u5f0f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                        \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528OpenSSL\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u8bc1\u4e66\u683c\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                        openssl x509 -in certificate.crt -outform der -out certificate.der<\/p>\n
                        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                        \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06PEM\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aDER\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                        \u603b\u7ed3\uff0cPython\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pyOpenSSL\u548ccryptography\u5e93\u6765\u5904\u7406OpenSSL\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002cryptography\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u522b\u7684API\uff0c\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0SSL\/TLS\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6\u89e3\u5bc6\u3001\u8bc1\u4e66\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6b63\u786e\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6eOpenSSL\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                        \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                         \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5OpenSSL\u5e93\uff1f<\/strong>
                        \u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528OpenSSL\u5e93\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u9996\u5148\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u8be5\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u5982pip<\/code>\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u76f8\u5173\u7684Python\u5305\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982pyOpenSSL<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u6216\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a  <\/p>\n
                        pip install pyOpenSSL\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                        \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86OpenSSL\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff08\u5982apt\u3001brew\u7b49\uff09\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n
                        \u4f7f\u7528OpenSSL\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u89e3\u5bc6\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e8b\u9879\uff1f<\/strong>
                        \u5728\u4f7f\u7528OpenSSL\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u89e3\u5bc6\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u5305\u62ecAES\u548cRSA\u3002\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u4e5f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5c06\u5bc6\u94a5\u786c\u7f16\u7801\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u52a0\u5bc6\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5982CBC\u3001ECB\u7b49\uff09\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e5f\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
                        OpenSSL\u5e93\u5728Python\u4e2d\u652f\u6301\u54ea\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong>
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