{"id":1015658,"date":"2024-12-27T12:09:49","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T04:09:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1015658.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T12:09:51","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T04:09:51","slug":"python%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%8f%90%e5%8f%96%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1015658.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5217\u8868\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u5b57"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25095442\/83288027-4c2a-44c3-95d8-066ccdcb1ff0.webp\" alt=\"python\u5217\u8868\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u5b57\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5faa\u73af\u7b49\u3002\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6761\u4ef6\u7b5b\u9009\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u5176\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u662fPython\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u5feb\u901f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">data = [1, &#39;a&#39;, 3.5, &#39;b&#39;, 2, &#39;c&#39;]<\/p>\n<p>numbers = [x for x in data if isinstance(x, (int, float))]<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c<code>isinstance(x, (int, float))<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u6574\u6570\u6216\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u60f3\u63d0\u53d6\u6574\u6570\u6216\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u6574<code>isinstance<\/code>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528filter\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>filter()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u9636\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<code>filter()<\/code>\u4e0e<code>lambda<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">data = [1, &#39;a&#39;, 3.5, &#39;b&#39;, 2, &#39;c&#39;]<\/p>\n<p>numbers = list(filter(lambda x: isinstance(x, (int, float)), data))<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4e0e\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7<code>isinstance<\/code>\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5143\u7d20\u7c7b\u578b\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u7b5b\u9009\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6df7\u5408\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import re<\/p>\n<p>data = [&#39;1&#39;, &#39;a&#39;, &#39;3.5&#39;, &#39;b&#39;, &#39;2&#39;, &#39;c&#39;]<\/p>\n<p>numbers = [float(x) for x in data if re.match(r&#39;^-?\\d+(?:\\.\\d+)?$&#39;, x)]<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<code>r&#39;^-?\\d+(?:\\.\\d+)?$&#39;<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u6574\u6570\u548c\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8d1f\u6570\u3002<code>re.match()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c<code>float(x)<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u5982\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u4f46\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">data = [1, &#39;a&#39;, 3.5, &#39;b&#39;, 2, &#39;c&#39;]<\/p>\n<p>numbers = []<\/p>\n<p>for item in data:<\/p>\n<p>    if isinstance(item, (int, float)):<\/p>\n<p>        numbers.append(item)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u9002\u5408\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u6216\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u8f83\u590d\u6742\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528NumPy\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>NumPy\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e93\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8f7b\u677e\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import numpy as np<\/p>\n<p>data = [1, &#39;a&#39;, 3.5, &#39;b&#39;, 2, &#39;c&#39;]<\/p>\n<p>array_data = np.array(data, dtype=object)<\/p>\n<p>numbers = array_data[np.vectorize(lambda x: isinstance(x, (int, float)))(array_data)]<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<code>np.vectorize()<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u516d\u3001Pandas\u5e93\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Pandas\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u6846\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u578b\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import pandas as pd<\/p>\n<p>data = {&#39;column1&#39;: [1, &#39;a&#39;, 3.5, &#39;b&#39;, 2, &#39;c&#39;]}<\/p>\n<p>df = pd.DataFrame(data)<\/p>\n<p>numbers = df[&#39;column1&#39;].apply(lambda x: isinstance(x, (int, float)))<\/p>\n<p>numeric_values = df[&#39;column1&#39;][numbers]<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c<code>apply()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u4e00\u5217\u4e0a\u5e94\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5e03\u5c14\u7d22\u5f15\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e03\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u6bd4\u8f83<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u9002\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u4e0a\u5404\u6709\u4f18\u52a3\u3002\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u548c<code>filter()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u9002\u5408\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7b5b\u9009\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u5219\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u590d\u6742\u6761\u4ef6\u3002NumPy\u548cPandas\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u4f18\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u672c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><strong>\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u5b57\u662fPython\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5404\u6709\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u9002\u7528\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7075\u6d3b\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u6548\u7387\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b9e\u8df5\u548c\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u8981\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u548c<code>isinstance()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">my_list = [1, &#39;apple&#39;, 3.5, True, 4, &#39;banana&#39;]\nnumbers = [item for item in my_list if isinstance(item, (int, float))]\nprint(numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 3.5, 4]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u6574\u6570\u548c\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u5b57\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08\u5982\u201c2\u201d\u3001\u201c3.5\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>float()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">my_list = [&#39;1&#39;, &#39;apple&#39;, &#39;3.5&#39;, True, &#39;4&#39;]\nnumbers = []\nfor item in my_list:\n    try:\n        num = float(item)\n        numbers.append(num)\n    except ValueError:\n        continue\nprint(numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1.0, 3.5, 4.0]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4e5f\u88ab\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u5b57\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u5b57\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">my_list = [3, &#39;apple&#39;, 1, 4.5, &#39;banana&#39;, 2]\nnumbers = [item for item in my_list if isinstance(item, (int, float))]\nsorted_numbers = sorted(numbers)\nprint(sorted_numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 2, 3, 4.5]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5faa\u73af\u7b49\u3002\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790 [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1015664,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1015658"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1015658"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1015658\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1015666,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1015658\/revisions\/1015666"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1015664"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1015658"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1015658"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1015658"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}