{"id":1045679,"date":"2024-12-31T13:25:51","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T05:25:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1045679.html"},"modified":"2024-12-31T13:25:59","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T05:25:59","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e6%b1%a0%e6%98%af%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1045679.html","title":{"rendered":"Python\u4e2d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-docs.pingcode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/2242bf41-d539-4c1c-9e80-30a5469db626.webp?x-oss-process=image\/auto-orient,1\/format,webp\" alt=\"Python\u4e2d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u662f\u901a\u8fc7<code>multiprocessing<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684<code>Pool<\/code>\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<strong>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u590d\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong>\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5206\u914d\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u9500\u6bc1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002<strong>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u591a\u6838\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\uff08Pool\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u7ec4\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u9500\u6bc1\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u590d\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Python\u4e2d\u7684<code>multiprocessing<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86<code>Pool<\/code>\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u3002\u901a\u8fc7<code>Pool<\/code>\u7c7b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u63a7\u5236\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528<code>Pool<\/code>\u7c7b\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165<code>multiprocessing<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528<code>Pool<\/code>\u7c7b\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5373\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import multiprocessing<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u67094\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>pool = multiprocessing.Pool(processes=4)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u67094\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c06\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u63d0\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec<code>apply<\/code>\u3001<code>apply_async<\/code>\u3001<code>map<\/code>\u3001<code>map_async<\/code>\u7b49\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u5206\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>apply \u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p><code>apply<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u4efb\u52a1\u63d0\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u7b49\u5f85\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def task(x):<\/p>\n<p>    return x * x<\/p>\n<p>result = pool.apply(task, args=(5,))<\/p>\n<p>print(result)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>apply<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06<code>task<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u63d0\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570<code>5<\/code>\u3002<code>apply<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>apply_async \u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p><code>apply_async<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u4efb\u52a1\u63d0\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def task(x):<\/p>\n<p>    return x * x<\/p>\n<p>def callback(result):<\/p>\n<p>    print(result)<\/p>\n<p>pool.apply_async(task, args=(5,), callback=callback)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>apply_async<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06<code>task<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u63d0\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570<code>5<\/code>\u3002\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570<code>callback<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>map \u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p><code>map<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u4efb\u52a1\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def task(x):<\/p>\n<p>    return x * x<\/p>\n<p>results = pool.map(task, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])<\/p>\n<p>print(results)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>map<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9<code>task<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<code>map<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>map_async \u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p><code>map_async<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e<code>map<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def task(x):<\/p>\n<p>    return x * x<\/p>\n<p>def callback(results):<\/p>\n<p>    print(results)<\/p>\n<p>pool.map_async(task, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], callback=callback)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>map_async<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9<code>task<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570<code>callback<\/code>\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5173\u95ed\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>close<\/code>\u3001<code>terminate<\/code>\u548c<code>join<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>close \u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p><code>close<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5173\u95ed\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u518d\u63a5\u53d7\u65b0\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">pool.close()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8c03\u7528<code>close<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e0d\u518d\u63a5\u53d7\u65b0\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>terminate \u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p><code>terminate<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u7acb\u5373\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">pool.terminate()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8c03\u7528<code>terminate<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u88ab\u7acb\u5373\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>join \u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p><code>join<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u7b49\u5f85\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">pool.close()<\/p>\n<p>pool.join()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>close<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5173\u95ed\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\uff0c<code>join<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u7b49\u5f85\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e94\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9664\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u5171\u4eab\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u65f6\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def init():<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;Process started&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>pool = multiprocessing.Pool(processes=4, initializer=init)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u90fd\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528<code>init<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u201cProcess started\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u7ba1\u7406\u5171\u4eab\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5171\u4eab\u72b6\u6001\u6765\u540c\u6b65\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<code>multiprocessing<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86<code>Value<\/code>\u548c<code>Array<\/code>\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5171\u4eab\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from multiprocessing import Value, Array<\/p>\n<p>def task(val, arr):<\/p>\n<p>    val.value += 1<\/p>\n<p>    arr[0] += 1<\/p>\n<p>val = Value(&#39;i&#39;, 0)<\/p>\n<p>arr = Array(&#39;i&#39;, [0])<\/p>\n<p>pool = multiprocessing.Pool(processes=4)<\/p>\n<p>for _ in range(4):<\/p>\n<p>    pool.apply_async(task, args=(val, arr))<\/p>\n<p>pool.close()<\/p>\n<p>pool.join()<\/p>\n<p>print(val.value)<\/p>\n<p>print(arr[:])<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>Value<\/code>\u548c<code>Array<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u5171\u4eab\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4efb\u52a1\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5171\u4eab\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u516d\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u8c03\u6574\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u5927\u5c0f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aCPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u7684\u500d\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u591a\u6838\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import multiprocessing<\/p>\n<p>pool = multiprocessing.Pool(processes=multiprocessing.cpu_count() * 2)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u4e3aCPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u7684\u4e24\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982<code>apply_async<\/code>\u548c<code>map_async<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u5408\u7406\u5212\u5206\u4efb\u52a1<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5c06\u4efb\u52a1\u5408\u7406\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u5ea6\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e03\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u5176\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u8fc7\u591a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5982\u679c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u8017\u5c3d\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aCPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u7684\u500d\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u8fc7\u957f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5982\u679c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u8fc7\u957f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u4efb\u52a1\u5408\u7406\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u72b6\u6001\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<code>multiprocessing<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684<code>Value<\/code>\u548c<code>Array<\/code>\u7c7b\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u5171\u4eab\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u7ec4\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002<code>multiprocessing<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86<code>Pool<\/code>\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5408\u7406\u5212\u5206\u4efb\u52a1\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528Python\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5206\u914d\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u5e76\u53d1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6d88\u8017\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u76f8\u4f3c\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684CPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4ee5\u53ca\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u5efa\u8bae\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u4e0eCPU\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u76f8\u5f53\u6216\u7565\u591a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u591a\u6838\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eI\/O\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9002\u5f53\u589e\u52a0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u5728\u7b49\u5f85I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u4f1a\u91ca\u653eCPU\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5e93\u548c\u6a21\u5757\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>Python\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684<code>multiprocessing<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7<code>Pool<\/code>\u7c7b\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528<code>map<\/code>\u3001<code>apply<\/code>\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5206\u914d\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u5982<code>concurrent.futures<\/code>\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u7684\u5e93\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u662f\u901a\u8fc7multiprocessing\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684Pool\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387 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