{"id":1071263,"date":"2025-01-08T11:05:44","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T03:05:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1071263.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T11:05:46","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T03:05:46","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%8f%90%e5%8f%96%e8%af%84%e8%ae%ba%e4%b8%ad%e5%85%b3%e9%94%ae%e8%af%8d-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1071263.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u53d6\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e2d\u5173\u952e\u8bcd"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25101820\/db494e5f-e598-4429-8f7e-7213d0f2da45.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u53d6\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e2d\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08NLP\uff09\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5982TF-IDF\u3001RAKE\u3001TextRank\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cTF-IDF\uff08\u8bcd\u9891-\u9006\u6587\u6863\u9891\u7387\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u4e14\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u63d0\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bcd\u9891\u548c\u9006\u6587\u6863\u9891\u7387\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002RAKE\uff08Rapid Automatic Keyword Extraction\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bcd\u6c47\u5171\u73b0\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u63d0\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002TextRank\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u56fe\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u63d0\u53d6\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662fTF-IDF\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cRAKE\u65b9\u6cd5\u548cTextRank\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001TF-IDF\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>TF-IDF\uff08Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5206\u6790\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u9891\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u9891\u7387\u4f4e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u5c31\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u76f8\u5173\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8981\u4f7f\u7528TF-IDF\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5<code>scikit-learn<\/code>\u5e93\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684Python<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/59192.html\" target=\"_blank\">\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60<\/a>\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">pip install scikit-learn<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001\u5bfc\u5165\u76f8\u5173\u5e93\u5e76\u52a0\u8f7d\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import TfidfVectorizer<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\u8bc4\u8bba\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>comments = [<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ea7\u54c1\u975e\u5e38\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u5f88\u559c\u6b22&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u4ef7\u683c\u4e5f\u5408\u7406&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u6001\u5ea6\u5dee\uff0c\u8d28\u91cf\u4e00\u822c&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u6027\u4ef7\u6bd4\u9ad8\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u8d2d\u4e70&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u9000\u8d27\u4e86&quot;<\/p>\n<p>]<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97TF-IDF\u503c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u521b\u5efaTfidfVectorizer\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<p>vectorizer = TfidfVectorizer()<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8ba1\u7b97TF-IDF\u503c<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>tfidf_matrix = vectorizer.fit_transform(comments)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u8bcd\u6c47\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>feature_names = vectorizer.get_feature_names_out()<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6253\u5370\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bc4\u8bba\u7684TF-IDF\u503c<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>for i, comment in enumerate(comments):<\/p>\n<p>    print(f&quot;Comment {i+1}:&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>    tfidf_scores = zip(feature_names, tfidf_matrix[i].toarray()[0])<\/p>\n<p>    sorted_tfidf_scores = sorted(tfidf_scores, key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)<\/p>\n<p>    for word, score in sorted_tfidf_scores:<\/p>\n<p>        if score &gt; 0:<\/p>\n<p>            print(f&quot;    {word}: {score:.4f}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u53ca\u5176TF-IDF\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001RAKE\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>RAKE\uff08Rapid Automatic Keyword Extraction\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u63d0\u53d6\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u5171\u73b0\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u76f8\u5173\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8981\u4f7f\u7528RAKE\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5<code>rake-nltk<\/code>\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">pip install rake-nltk<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001\u5bfc\u5165\u76f8\u5173\u5e93\u5e76\u52a0\u8f7d\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from rake_nltk import Rake<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\u8bc4\u8bba\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>comments = [<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ea7\u54c1\u975e\u5e38\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u5f88\u559c\u6b22&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u4ef7\u683c\u4e5f\u5408\u7406&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u6001\u5ea6\u5dee\uff0c\u8d28\u91cf\u4e00\u822c&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u6027\u4ef7\u6bd4\u9ad8\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u8d2d\u4e70&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u9000\u8d27\u4e86&quot;<\/p>\n<p>]<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u5173\u952e\u8bcd<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u521b\u5efaRake\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<p>rake = Rake()<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u63d0\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bc4\u8bba\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>for i, comment in enumerate(comments):<\/p>\n<p>    rake.extract_keywords_from_text(comment)<\/p>\n<p>    keywords = rake.get_ranked_phrases()<\/p>\n<p>    print(f&quot;Comment {i+1} Keywords: {keywords}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001TextRank\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>TextRank\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u56fe\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8ePageRank\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u5efa\u8bcd\u6c47\u56fe\u5e76\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684PageRank\u503c\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u76f8\u5173\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8981\u4f7f\u7528TextRank\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5<code>gensim<\/code>\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">pip install gensim<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001\u5bfc\u5165\u76f8\u5173\u5e93\u5e76\u52a0\u8f7d\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from gensim.summarization import keywords<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\u8bc4\u8bba\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>comments = [<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ea7\u54c1\u975e\u5e38\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u5f88\u559c\u6b22&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u4ef7\u683c\u4e5f\u5408\u7406&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u6001\u5ea6\u5dee\uff0c\u8d28\u91cf\u4e00\u822c&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u6027\u4ef7\u6bd4\u9ad8\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u8d2d\u4e70&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u9000\u8d27\u4e86&quot;<\/p>\n<p>]<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u5173\u952e\u8bcd<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u63d0\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bc4\u8bba\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd<\/p>\n<p>for i, comment in enumerate(comments):<\/p>\n<p>    key_words = keywords(comment, words=5, split=True, lemmatize=True)<\/p>\n<p>    print(f&quot;Comment {i+1} Keywords: {key_words}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u63d0\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1aTF-IDF\u3001RAKE\u548cTextRank\u3002<strong>TF-IDF\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bcd\u9891\u548c\u9006\u6587\u6863\u9891\u7387\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c<strong>RAKE\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u5171\u73b0\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u5173\u952e\u8bcd<\/strong>\uff0c<strong>TextRank\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u5efa\u8bcd\u6c47\u56fe\u5e76\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684PageRank\u503c\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u5173\u952e\u8bcd<\/strong>\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u63d0\u53d6\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u63d0\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5206\u6790\u8bc4\u8bba\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u5bf9\u60a8\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff01<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> 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