{"id":1077414,"date":"2025-01-08T12:02:05","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T04:02:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1077414.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T12:02:07","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T04:02:07","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9b%bf%e6%8d%a2excel%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1077414.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u66ff\u6362excel\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u66ff\u6362excel\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\"<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Python\u66ff\u6362Excel\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6253\u5f00Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u3001\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e93\u662fpandas\u548copenpyxl\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u6765\u66ff\u6362Excel\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6253\u5f00Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684read_excel\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5c06Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u4e00\u4e2aDataFrame\u4e2d\u3002DataFrame\u662fpandas\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eExcel\u4e2d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_excel('example.xlsx')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528head()\u51fd\u6570\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u524d\u51e0\u884c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528columns\u5c5e\u6027\u67e5\u770b\u5217\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u524d\u51e0\u884c<\/p>\n
print(df.head())<\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5217\u540d<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(df.columns)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u4fee\u6539DataFrame\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528loc\u6216iloc\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528apply\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u6574\u5217\u6216\u6574\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528replace\u51fd\u6570\u66ff\u6362\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4fee\u6539\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5355\u5143\u683c<\/p>\n
df.loc[0, 'Column1'] = 'New Value'<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u6574\u5217\u5e94\u7528\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df['Column2'] = df['Column2'].apply(lambda x: x * 2)<\/p>\n
\u66ff\u6362\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u503c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df['Column3'] = df['Column3'].replace('Old Value', 'New Value')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u7684to_excel\u51fd\u6570\u5c06DataFrame\u4fdd\u5b58\u56deExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4fdd\u5b58\u5230Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
df.to_excel('example_modified.xlsx', index=False)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86pandas\u5e93\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\u6765\u64cd\u4f5cExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002openpyxl\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from openpyxl import load_workbook<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
wb = load_workbook('example.xlsx')<\/p>\n
ws = wb.active<\/p>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5355\u5143\u683c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ws['A1'] = 'New Value'<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
wb.save('example_modified.xlsx')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u6279\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2aExcel\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6279\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2aExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528os\u5e93\u6765\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u6216openpyxl\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/h2>\n
directory = 'path\/to\/directory'<\/p>\n
\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
for filename in os.listdir(directory):<\/p>\n
    if filename.endswith('.xlsx'):<\/p>\n
        filepath = os.path.join(directory, filename)<\/p>\n
        # \u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
        df = pd.read_excel(filepath)<\/p>\n
        df['Column1'] = df['Column1'].replace('Old Value', 'New Value')<\/p>\n
        df.to_excel(filepath, index=False)<\/p>\n
        # \u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
        wb = load_workbook(filepath)<\/p>\n
        ws = wb.active<\/p>\n
        ws['A1'] = 'New Value'<\/p>\n
        wb.save(filepath)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684DataValidation\u548cConditionalFormatting\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from openpyxl import Workbook<\/p>\n
from openpyxl.worksheet.datavalidation import DataValidation<\/p>\n
from openpyxl.formatting.rule import CellIsRule<\/p>\n
from openpyxl.styles import Font, PatternFill<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
wb = Workbook()<\/p>\n
ws = wb.active<\/p>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong><\/h2>\n
dv = DataValidation(type="list", formula1='"Option1,Option2,Option3"', allow_blank=True)<\/p>\n
ws.add_data_validation(dv)<\/p>\n
dv.add(ws['A1'])<\/p>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u6761\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
red_fill = PatternFill(start_color='FFC7CE', end_color='FFC7CE', fill_type='solid')<\/p>\n
ws.conditional_formatting.add('A1:A10', CellIsRule(operator='equal', formula=['"FAI<\/a>l"'], stopIfTrue=True, fill=red_fill))<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
wb.save('example_with_validation_and_formatting.xlsx')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u5904\u7406\u591a\u5f20\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u7684ExcelWriter\u7c7b\u6216openpyxl\u5e93\u6765\u5904\u7406\u591a\u5f20\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u5904\u7406\u591a\u5f20\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/p>\n
with pd.ExcelWriter('example_multisheet.xlsx') as writer:<\/p>\n
    df1.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1')<\/p>\n
    df2.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet2')<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\u5904\u7406\u591a\u5f20\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
wb = Workbook()<\/p>\n
ws1 = wb.create_sheet('Sheet1')<\/p>\n
ws2 = wb.create_sheet('Sheet2')<\/p>\n
ws1['A1'] = 'Data for Sheet1'<\/p>\n
ws2['A1'] = 'Data for Sheet2'<\/p>\n
wb.save('example_multisheet.xlsx')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e5d\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u578bExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u9650\u5236\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u7684chunk_size\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u5206\u5757\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u9010\u5757\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5206\u5757\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
chunk_size = 1000<\/p>\n
for chunk in pd.read_excel('large_file.xlsx', chunksize=chunk_size):<\/p>\n
    # \u5904\u7406\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5757\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
    chunk['Column1'] = chunk['Column1'].replace('Old Value', 'New Value')<\/p>\n
    # \u8ffd\u52a0\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
    chunk.to_excel('large_file_modified.xlsx', index=False, header=False, mode='a')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684pandas\u548copenpyxl\u5e93\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6279\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u591a\u5f20\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5904\u7406\u5927\u578b\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5e93\uff0c\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5b8c\u6210Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fde\u63a5Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fde\u63a5Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86pandas<\/code>\u548copenpyxl<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aDataFrame\uff1a  <\/p>\n
import pandas as pd\n\n# \u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\ndf = pd.read_excel('your_file.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet1')\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u786e\u4fdd\u66ff\u6362your_file.xlsx<\/code>\u548cSheet1<\/code>\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\u66ff\u6362Excel\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e8b\u9879\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u66ff\u6362Excel\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7DataFrame.replace()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u66ff\u6362\u7279\u5b9a\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u5c06\u201c\u65e7\u503c\u201d\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u201c\u65b0\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a  <\/p>\n
df.replace({'\u65e7\u503c': '\u65b0\u503c'}, inplace=True)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u66ff\u6362\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u68c0\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u66f4\u6539\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u66ff\u6362\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5b58\u56deExcel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
\u66ff\u6362\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u7684to_excel()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5b58\u56deExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
df.to_excel('updated_file.xlsx', index=False)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
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