{"id":1092817,"date":"2025-01-08T14:24:54","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T06:24:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1092817.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T14:24:57","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T06:24:57","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%8e%b7%e5%8f%96%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e9%94%ae%e5%80%bc-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1092817.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\"<\/p>\n

Python\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528keys()\u3001values()\u3001items()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u952e\u8bbf\u95ee\u503c\u7b49\u3001\u4f7f\u7528get()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/strong> \u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5404\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u201c\u4f7f\u7528keys()\u3001values()\u3001items()\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u5176\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528keys()\u3001values()\u3001items()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. keys()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2adict_keys\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5728for\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5217\u8868\u3001\u96c6\u5408\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    # \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
    my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
    keys = my_dict.keys()<\/p>\n
    print(keys)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1adict_keys(['name', 'age', 'city'])<\/p>\n
    \u5c06dict_keys\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    keys_list = list(keys)<\/p>\n
    print(keys_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a['name', 'age', 'city']<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. values()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      values()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u503c\u3002\u4e0ekeys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0cvalues()\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2adict_values\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5728for\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5217\u8868\u3001\u96c6\u5408\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      # \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
      my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
      values = my_dict.values()<\/p>\n
      print(values)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1adict_values(['Alice', 25, 'New York'])<\/p>\n
      \u5c06dict_values\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      values_list = list(values)<\/p>\n
      print(values_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a['Alice', 25, 'New York']<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. items()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        items()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2adict_items\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4ee5\u5143\u7ec4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5728for\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5217\u8868\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        # \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
        my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
        items = my_dict.items()<\/p>\n
        print(items)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1adict_items([('name', 'Alice'), ('age', 25), ('city', 'New York')])<\/p>\n
        \u5c06dict_items\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        items_list = list(items)<\/p>\n
        print(items_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[('name', 'Alice'), ('age', 25), ('city', 'New York')]<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4e8c\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u952e\u8bbf\u95ee\u503c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51faKeyError\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528get()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        # \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
        my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
        print(my_dict['name'])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aAlice<\/p>\n
        print(my_dict['age'])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a25<\/p>\n
        \u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51faKeyError\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        try:<\/p>\n
            print(my_dict['country'])<\/p>\n
        except KeyError:<\/p>\n
            print('Key not found')  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aKey not found<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528get()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        get()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u952e\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3aNone\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514dKeyError\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        # \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
        my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
        print(my_dict.get('name'))  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aAlice<\/p>\n
        print(my_dict.get('country'))  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aNone<\/p>\n
        \u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        print(my_dict.get('country', 'Unknown'))  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aUnknown<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u56db\u3001\u8fed\u4ee3\u5b57\u5178<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3001\u503c\u6216\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528for\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u5408keys()\u3001values()\u3001items()\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u8fed\u4ee3\u952e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          # \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
          my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
          for key in my_dict.keys():<\/p>\n
              print(key)<\/p>\n
          \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
          name<\/strong><\/h2>\n
          age<\/strong><\/h2>\n
          city<\/strong><\/h2>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u8fed\u4ee3\u503c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            # \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
            my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
            for value in my_dict.values():<\/p>\n
                print(value)<\/p>\n
            \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            Alice<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            25<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            New York<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u8fed\u4ee3\u952e\u503c\u5bf9<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              # \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
              my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
              for key, value in my_dict.items():<\/p>\n
                  print(f'{key}: {value}')<\/p>\n
              \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
              name: Alice<\/strong><\/h2>\n
              age: 25<\/strong><\/h2>\n
              city: New York<\/strong><\/h2>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \u4e94\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u4ecePython 3.0\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\u7684keys()\u3001values()\u548citems()\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5217\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b57\u5178\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u6620\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              # \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
              my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
              keys_view = my_dict.keys()<\/p>\n
              print(keys_view)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1adict_keys(['name', 'age', 'city'])<\/p>\n
              \u4fee\u6539\u5b57\u5178\u540e\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f1a\u53cd\u6620\u53d8\u5316<\/strong><\/h2>\n
              my_dict['country'] = 'USA'<\/p>\n
              print(keys_view)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1adict_keys(['name', 'age', 'city', 'country'])<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528keys()\u3001values()\u3001items()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u952e\u8bbf\u95ee\u503c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528get()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u3002<\/strong> \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b\u5f53\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528get()\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u907f\u514d\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7075\u6d3b\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
               \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u952e\u503c\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7\uff08[]\uff09\u6216get()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u952e\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/code>\uff0c\u8981\u83b7\u53d6name<\/code>\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528my_dict['name']<\/code>\u6216my_dict.get('name')<\/code>\u3002\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\uff0cget()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fd4\u56deNone<\/code>\u6216\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u5728Python\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u6216\u6240\u6709\u503c\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u952e\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cmy_dict.keys()<\/code>\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56dedict_keys(['name', 'age'])<\/code>\u3002\u76f8\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528values()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u503c\uff0cmy_dict.values()<\/code>\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56dedict_values(['Alice', 25])<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9879\u53d8\u5f97\u7b80\u5355\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u4e2a\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u952e\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528in<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c'name' in my_dict<\/code>\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56deTrue<\/code>\uff0c\u800c'height' in my_dict<\/code>\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56deFalse<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u907f\u514d\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u952e\u65f6\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528keys()\u3001values()\u3001items()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u952e […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1092823,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1092817"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1092817"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1092817\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1092824,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1092817\/revisions\/1092824"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1092823"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1092817"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1092817"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1092817"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}