{"id":1098329,"date":"2025-01-08T15:20:11","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T07:20:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1098329.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T15:20:13","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T07:20:13","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e8%a1%8c%e6%89%a7%e8%a1%8cpython%e8%84%9a%e6%9c%ac-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1098329.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6267\u884cpython\u811a\u672c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6267\u884cpython\u811a\u672c\"<\/p>\n

\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6267\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Python\u3001\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u811a\u672c\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Python<\/strong>\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Python<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55Python\u811a\u672c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Python\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u4f60\u7684Python\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

python --version<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6216<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python3 --version<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Python\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Python 3.9.0<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5Python\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u524d\u5f80Python\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9<\/a>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u811a\u672c\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u6267\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u662f\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u811a\u672c\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cd<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684Python\u811a\u672c\u4f4d\u4e8eDocuments<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
cd Documents<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ls<\/code>\u6216dir<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
ls<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6216<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
dir<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u4f60\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u4e86\u811a\u672c\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528python<\/code>\u6216python3<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u7684\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3ascript.py<\/code>\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6267\u884c\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python script.py<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6216<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python3 script.py<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u65f6\uff0cPython\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5c06\u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u4f60\u7684\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u4f4d\u7f6e\u90fd\u80fd\u8fd0\u884cpython<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u8fd0\u884cpython --version<\/code>\u65f6\u6536\u5230\u201c\u547d\u4ee4\u672a\u627e\u5230\u201d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5c06Python\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5f00\u53d1Python\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u9694\u79bb\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u6fc0\u6d3b\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python -m venv myenv<\/p>\n
source myenv\/bin\/activate  # Unix\/macOS<\/p>\n
myenv\\Scripts\\activate     # Windows<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u9879\u76ee\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e0e\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684Python\u811a\u672c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684Python\u811a\u672c\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3ascript.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
print("Hello, World!")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u811a\u672c\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
cd path\/to\/script<\/p>\n
python script.py<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Hello, World!<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u5904\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u811a\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u811a\u672c\u901a\u7528\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528sys.argv<\/code>\u5217\u8868\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u811a\u672cscript_with_args.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import sys<\/p>\n
if len(sys.argv) != 2:<\/p>\n
    print("Usage: python script_with_args.py <your_name>")<\/p>\n
    sys.exit(1)<\/p>\n
name = sys.argv[1]<\/p>\n
print(f"Hello, {name}!")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6267\u884c\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python script_with_args.py Alice<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Hello, Alice!<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4f7f\u7528argparse<\/code>\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u6790\uff0cargparse<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u811a\u672cscript_argparse.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import argparse<\/p>\n
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Greet the user.")<\/p>\n
parser.add_argument("name", type=str, help="The name of the user.")<\/p>\n
parser.add_argument("--age", type=int, help="The age of the user.", default=0)<\/p>\n
args = parser.parse_args()<\/p>\n
print(f"Hello, {args.name}! You are {args.age} years old.")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6267\u884c\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python script_argparse.py Alice --age 30<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Hello, Alice! You are 30 years old.<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u901a\u8fc7subprocess<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u811a\u672c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u811a\u672c\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528subprocess<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u811a\u672ccaller_script.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import subprocess<\/p>\n
result = subprocess.run(["python", "script.py"], capture_output=True, text=True)<\/p>\n
print(result.stdout)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u5c06\u8c03\u7528script.py<\/code>\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u5176\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u6267\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u811a\u672c\u8fd8\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6280\u80fd\u5c06\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f60\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684Python\u73af\u5883\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u5e76\u719f\u7ec3\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5c06\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e4b\u65c5\u6253\u4e0b\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u627e\u5230Python\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\uff1f<\/strong>
\u8981\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6267\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u786e\u8ba4Python\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u6b63\u786e\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165python --version<\/code>\u6216python3 --version<\/code>\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u5b89\u88c5\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd4\u56dePython\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u8981\u627e\u5230Python\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528which python<\/code>\u6216where python<\/code>\uff08\u5728Windows\u4e2d\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684Python\u811a\u672c\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u6267\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u786e\u4fdd\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3a\u811a\u672c\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4f7f\u7528cd<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5207\u6362\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982cd \/path\/to\/your\/script<\/code>\u3002\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8f93\u5165python script_name.py<\/code>\u6216python3 script_name.py<\/code>\uff08\u6839\u636e\u5b89\u88c5\u7684Python\u7248\u672c\uff09\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff1f<\/strong>
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