{"id":1104003,"date":"2025-01-08T16:16:17","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:16:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1104003.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T16:16:19","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:16:19","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8python%e4%b8%ad%e7%88%ac%e5%8f%96%e7%bd%91%e9%a1%b5%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1104003.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728python\u4e2d\u722c\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u5728python\u4e2d\u722c\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e\"<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Python\u722c\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u6700\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ecRequests\u5e93\u3001BeautifulSoup\u5e93\u3001Selenium\u5e93\u7b49\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u722c\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002Python\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u722c\u866b\u5de5\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001Requests\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

Requests\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u7684HTTP\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u53d1\u9001GET\u548cPOST\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u643a\u5e26\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u5904\u7406Cookies\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2\u3001BeautifulSoup\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

BeautifulSoup\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u6790HTML\u548cXML\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u63d0\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u89e3\u6790\u5668\uff0c\u5982lxml\u3001html.parser\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

3\u3001Selenium\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

Selenium\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Selenium\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u9875\u9762\u7684\u70b9\u51fb\u3001\u8868\u5355\u586b\u5199\u3001\u6eda\u52a8\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

4\u3001Scrapy\u6846\u67b6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

Scrapy\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u722c\u866b\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u722c\u866b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5982\u8bf7\u6c42\u8c03\u5ea6\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u722c\u866b\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Requests\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u53d1\u9001GET\u548cPOST\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

import requests<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
print(response.text)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com\/login'<\/p>\n
data = {'username': 'your_username', 'password': 'your_password'}<\/p>\n
response = requests.post(url, data=data)<\/p>\n
print(response.text)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com\/search'<\/p>\n
params = {'q': 'python'}<\/p>\n
response = requests.get(url, params=params)<\/p>\n
print(response.text)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u4eceHTML\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7BeautifulSoup\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u89e3\u6790HTML\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u89e3\u6790HTML\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
html = '<html><head><title>Example<\/title><\/head><body><h1>Hello, world!<\/h1><\/body><\/html>'<\/p>\n
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
print(soup.prettify())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
html = '<html><head><title>Example<\/title><\/head><body><h1>Hello, world!<\/h1><\/body><\/html>'<\/p>\n
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
title = soup.title.string<\/p>\n
heading = soup.h1.string<\/p>\n
print('Title:', title)<\/p>\n
print('Heading:', heading)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e\u662f\u7f51\u9875\u722c\u53d6\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u901a\u8fc7BeautifulSoup\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6807\u7b7e\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u7b49\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u6839\u636e\u6807\u7b7e\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
html = '''<html><body><h1>Hello, world!<\/h1><p>This is a paragraph.<\/p><\/body><\/html>'''<\/p>\n
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
heading = soup.find('h1').string<\/p>\n
paragraph = soup.find('p').string<\/p>\n
print('Heading:', heading)<\/p>\n
print('Paragraph:', paragraph)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u6839\u636e\u5c5e\u6027\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
html = '''<html><body><div class="content">This is content.<\/div><div class="footer">This is footer.<\/div><\/body><\/html>'''<\/p>\n
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
content = soup.find('div', {'class': 'content'}).string<\/p>\n
footer = soup.find('div', {'class': 'footer'}).string<\/p>\n
print('Content:', content)<\/p>\n
print('Footer:', footer)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002Selenium\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6267\u884cJavaScript\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Selenium\u548cWebDriver<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pip install selenium<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n
driver.get(url)<\/p>\n
html = driver.page_source<\/p>\n
print(html)<\/p>\n
driver.quit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By<\/p>\n
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com\/login'<\/p>\n
driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n
driver.get(url)<\/p>\n
username_input = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'username')<\/p>\n
password_input = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'password')<\/p>\n
login_button = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'login')<\/p>\n
username_input.send_keys('your_username')<\/p>\n
password_input.send_keys('your_password')<\/p>\n
login_button.click()<\/p>\n
html = driver.page_source<\/p>\n
print(html)<\/p>\n
driver.quit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5904\u7406\u53cd\u722c\u866b\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u722c\u866b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u53cd\u722c\u866b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5982IP\u5c01\u7981\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u7b49\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406IP<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406IP\u53ef\u4ee5\u9690\u85cf\u771f\u5b9eIP\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u88ab\u5c01\u7981\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7406\u6c60\u6765\u52a8\u6001\u5207\u6362IP\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
proxies = {'http': 'http:\/\/your_proxy_ip:your_proxy_port'}<\/p>\n
response = requests.get(url, proxies=proxies)<\/p>\n
print(response.text)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u884c\u4e3a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u722c\u866b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla\/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit\/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome\/58.0.3029.110 Safari\/537.3'}<\/p>\n
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)<\/p>\n
print(response.text)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u5904\u7406\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u7684\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528OCR\u6280\u672f\u8bc6\u522b\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\uff0c\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6253\u7801\u5e73\u53f0\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc6\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u722c\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u722c\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u722c\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982CSV\u3001JSON\u3001TXT\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
data = {'Title': 'Example', 'Heading': 'Hello, world!'}<\/p>\n
with open('data.json', 'w') as file:<\/p>\n
    json.dump(data, file)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u722c\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5982MySQL\u3001MongoDB\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pymysql<\/p>\n
connection = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', user='user', password='password', database='database')<\/p>\n
cursor = connection.cursor()<\/p>\n
data = {'Title': 'Example', 'Heading': 'Hello, world!'}<\/p>\n
sql = "INSERT INTO table_name (title, heading) VALUES (%s, %s)"<\/p>\n
cursor.execute(sql, (data['Title'], data['Heading']))<\/p>\n
connection.commit()<\/p>\n
connection.close()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Python\u722c\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u590d\u6742\u4f46\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5904\u7406\u53cd\u722c\u866b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u722c\u866b\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
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