{"id":1112671,"date":"2025-01-08T17:40:42","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:40:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1112671.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T17:40:45","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:40:45","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%b0%83%e7%94%a8%e5%85%b6%e4%bb%96%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1112671.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528import\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6216\u6b63\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528import\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5bfc\u5165\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001IMPORT\u8bed\u53e5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u4e14\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0cimport<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u7528\u4e8e\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u5bfc\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5bfc\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import module_name<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff1amAI<\/a>n.py<\/code>\u548cmodule.py<\/code>\u3002\u5728module.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# module.py<\/p>\n
def greet(name):<\/p>\n
    return f"Hello, {name}!"<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728main.py<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u5165\u5e76\u8c03\u7528greet<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# main.py<\/p>\n
import module<\/p>\n
print(module.greet("Alice"))<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884cmain.py<\/code>\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Hello, Alice!<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u5bfc\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from module_name import function_name<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# main.py<\/p>\n
from module import greet<\/p>\n
print(greet("Bob"))<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884cmain.py<\/code>\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Hello, Bob!<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6b63\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8def\u5f84<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u679cmain.py<\/code>\u548cmodule.py<\/code>\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528import<\/code>\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6ePython\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5bfc\u5165\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
project\/<\/p>\n
    main.py<\/p>\n
    subdir\/<\/p>\n
        module.py<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# main.py<\/p>\n
from subdir.module import greet<\/p>\n
print(greet("Charlie"))<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u5bfc\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u907f\u514d\u540d\u79f0\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5e76\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u77e5\u9053\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u81ea\u54ea\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import module<\/p>\n
result = module.greet("Diana")<\/p>\n
print(result)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 init<\/strong>.py \u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u76ee\u5f55\u88abPython\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u5305\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u7684__init__.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u5728Python 3.3\u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u9700\u8981\u5148\u901a\u8fc7pip<\/code>\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bfc\u5165requests<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
response = requests.get("https:\/\/api.example.com\/data")<\/p>\n
print(response.json())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5bfc\u5165\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5bfc\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5305\u62ec\u6a21\u5757\u672a\u627e\u5230\uff08ModuleNotFoundError\uff09\u548c\u5bfc\u5165\u8def\u5f84\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6216\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5bfc\u5165\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u4e03\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u7ec4\u7ec7\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\u653e\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u5177\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
    2. \u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u540d\u79f0\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/li>\n
    3. \u6587\u6863\u6ce8\u91ca<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6dfb\u52a0\u6587\u6863\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u516b\u3001\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
      \u7ed3\u5408\u4e0a\u8ff0\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      data_project\/<\/p>\n
          main.py<\/p>\n
          data_processing\/<\/p>\n
              __init__.py<\/p>\n
              process.py<\/p>\n
          data_visualization\/<\/p>\n
              __init__.py<\/p>\n
              visualize.py<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      process.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      # process.py<\/p>\n
      def clean_data(data):<\/p>\n
          # \u6e05\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
          return cleaned_data<\/p>\n
      def analyze_data(data):<\/p>\n
          # \u5206\u6790\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
          return analysis_result<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      visualize.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      # visualize.py<\/p>\n
      def plot_data(data):<\/p>\n
          # \u7ed8\u5236\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
          return plot<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      main.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      # main.py<\/p>\n
      from data_processing.process import clean_data, analyze_data<\/p>\n
      from data_visualization.visualize import plot_data<\/p>\n
      data = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n
      cleaned_data = clean_data(data)<\/p>\n
      analysis_result = analyze_data(cleaned_data)<\/p>\n
      plot = plot_data(analysis_result)<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e3b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e5d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
      \u901a\u8fc7\u5b66\u4e60\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u4f7f\u7528import\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6216\u6b63\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u9075\u5faa\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
       \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff1f<\/strong>
      \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u5bfc\u5165\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u9996\u5148\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u8981\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6a21\u5757\uff09\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amy_functions.py<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570my_function()<\/code>\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7from my_functions import my_function<\/code>\u6765\u5bfc\u5165\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\uff1f<\/strong>
      \u5f53\u4f60\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7406\u89e3\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6240\u9700\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679cmy_function<\/code>\u9700\u8981\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u9012\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982my_function(arg1, arg2)<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u6863\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5982\u679c\u88ab\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5bfc\u5165\uff1f<\/strong>
      \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u60f3\u5bfc\u5165\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u660e\u786e\u6307\u51fa\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528from my_functions import function1, function2<\/code>\u5c06\u53ea\u5bfc\u5165function1<\/code>\u548cfunction2<\/code>\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528import my_functions<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7my_functions.function_name()<\/code>\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u6240\u9700\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528import\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6216\u6b63\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8def\u5f84\u3001 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1112678,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1112671"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1112671"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1112671\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1112679,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1112671\/revisions\/1112679"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1112678"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1112671"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1112671"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1112671"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}