{"id":1118281,"date":"2025-01-08T18:33:59","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T10:33:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1118281.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T18:34:01","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T10:34:01","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%b5%8b%e9%87%8f%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8c%e6%97%b6%e9%97%b4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1118281.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u6d4b\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u6d4b\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\"<\/p>\n

Python\u5982\u4f55\u6d4b\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528time\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528datetime\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528timeit\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528cProfile\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528time\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb0\u5f55\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528time\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

time<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython\u4e2d\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb0\u5f55\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1.1 \u8bb0\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u95f4<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165time<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5206\u522b\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u95f4\u51cf\u53bb\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u5f97\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import time<\/p>\n
start_time = time.time()<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong><\/h2>\n
end_time = time.time()<\/p>\n
print(f"\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4: {end_time - start_time} \u79d2")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1.2 \u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528time<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
start_time = time.time()<\/p>\n
\u6a21\u62df\u4e00\u4e2a\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong><\/h2>\n
for i in range(1000000):<\/p>\n
    pass<\/p>\n
end_time = time.time()<\/p>\n
print(f"\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4: {end_time - start_time} \u79d2")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u6d4b\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528datetime\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
datetime<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4e0etime<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u5dee\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.1 \u8bb0\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u95f4<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165datetime<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5206\u522b\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u95f4\u51cf\u53bb\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u5f97\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from datetime import datetime<\/p>\n
start_time = datetime.now()<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong><\/h2>\n
end_time = datetime.now()<\/p>\n
print(f"\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4: {end_time - start_time}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2.2 \u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528datetime<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from datetime import datetime<\/p>\n
start_time = datetime.now()<\/p>\n
\u6a21\u62df\u4e00\u4e2a\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong><\/h2>\n
for i in range(1000000):<\/p>\n
    pass<\/p>\n
end_time = datetime.now()<\/p>\n
print(f"\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4: {end_time - start_time}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528datetime<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u548c\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528timeit\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
timeit<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython\u4e2d\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u5c0f\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.1 \u4f7f\u7528timeit.timeit\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
timeit.timeit<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e00\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u5f85\u6d4b\u4ee3\u7801\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548c\u9700\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import timeit<\/p>\n
code_to_test = """<\/p>\n
a = 0<\/p>\n
for i in range(1000000):<\/p>\n
    a += i<\/p>\n
"""<\/p>\n
execution_time = timeit.timeit(code_to_test, number=100)<\/p>\n
print(f"\u4ee3\u7801\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4: {execution_time} \u79d2")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3.2 \u4f7f\u7528timeit.Timer\u7c7b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
timeit.Timer<\/code>\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u5176timeit<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import timeit<\/p>\n
def test_code():<\/p>\n
    a = 0<\/p>\n
    for i in range(1000000):<\/p>\n
        a += i<\/p>\n
timer = timeit.Timer(test_code)<\/p>\n
execution_time = timer.timeit(number=100)<\/p>\n
print(f"\u4ee3\u7801\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4: {execution_time} \u79d2")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528cProfile\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
cProfile<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8be6\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u6b21\u6570\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.1 \u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528cProfile<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u5373\u53ef\u3002cProfile.run<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import cProfile<\/p>\n
def test_code():<\/p>\n
    a = 0<\/p>\n
    for i in range(1000000):<\/p>\n
        a += i<\/p>\n
cProfile.run('test_code()')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4.2 \u8f93\u51fa\u89e3\u91ca<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
cProfile<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • ncalls<\/code>: \u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u6b21\u6570<\/li>\n
  • tottime<\/code>: \u51fd\u6570\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u603b\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n
  • percall<\/code>: \u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8etottime\/ncalls<\/code><\/li>\n
  • cumtime<\/code>: \u51fd\u6570\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7d2f\u8ba1\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n
  • percall<\/code>: \u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8ecumtime\/ncalls<\/code><\/li>\n
  • filename:lineno(function)<\/code>: \u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u6d4b\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u6d4b\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ectime<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3001datetime<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3001timeit<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u548ccProfile<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528time\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5206\u6790\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5185\u7f6e\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528time<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb0\u5f55\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u957f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
    import time\n\nstart_time = time.time()  # \u8bb0\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4\n\n# \u8fd9\u91cc\u653e\u7f6e\u4f60\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\n\nend_time = time.time()  # \u8bb0\u5f55\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u95f4\nprint(f"\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a{end_time - start_time}\u79d2")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u91cfPython\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u9664\u4e86time<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u5916\uff0ctimeit<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u5c0f\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
    import timeit\n\nexecution_time = timeit.timeit('your_code_here', number=100)\nprint(f"\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a{execution_time}\u79d2")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0cnumber<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6d4b\u91cf\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u6d4b\u91cf\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u524d\u540e\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u957f\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
    import time\n\ndef time_it(func):\n    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):\n        start_time = time.time()\n        result = func(*args, **kwargs)\n        end_time = time.time()\n        print(f"{func.__name__} \u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a{end_time - start_time}\u79d2")\n        return result\n    return wrapper\n\n@time_it\ndef example_function():\n    # \u6a21\u62df\u4e00\u4e9b\u8017\u65f6\u64cd\u4f5c\n    time.sleep(2)\n\nexample_function()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cexample_function<\/code>\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u5982\u4f55\u6d4b\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528time\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528datetime\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528timeit\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528cPr […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1118289,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1118281"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1118281"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1118281\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1118291,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1118281\/revisions\/1118291"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1118289"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1118281"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1118281"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1118281"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}