{"id":1120619,"date":"2025-01-08T18:58:34","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T10:58:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1120619.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T18:58:37","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T10:58:37","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bb%8ecsv%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e4%b8%ad%e8%8e%b7%e5%8f%96%e6%8c%87%e5%ae%9a%e5%88%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1120619.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u4ececsv\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u4ececsv\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\"<\/p>\n

Python\u4eceCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528csv\u6a21\u5757\u3001pandas\u5e93\u3001numpy\u5e93\u3002<\/strong> \u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u3002\u4f7f\u7528csv\u6a21\u5757\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u7ec6\u8282\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u800cpandas\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u3001\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5904\u7406CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u4eceCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165pandas\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5pandas\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install pandas<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u7136\u540e\u5728Python\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165pandas\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u7684read_csv<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
df = pd.read_csv('your_file.csv')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbeCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u540d\u4e3a'column_name'<\/code>\u7684\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
specified_column = df['column_name']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/strong> pandas\u5e93\u7684read_csv<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aDataFrame\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002DataFrame\u662fpandas\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5b83\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u3002\u901a\u8fc7DataFrame\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u5206\u7ec4\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u7b49\u3002\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u901a\u8fc7\u5217\u540d\u7d22\u5f15\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f4\u89c2\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528csv\u6a21\u5757\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136pandas\u5e93\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u6613\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684csv\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8be6\u7ec6\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u5bfc\u5165csv\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import csv<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528csv\u6a21\u5757\u7684DictReader<\/code>\u7c7b\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
with open('your_file.csv', mode='r') as file:<\/p>\n
    csv_reader = csv.DictReader(file)<\/p>\n
    specified_column = [row['column_name'] for row in csv_reader]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u5904\u7406CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/strong> csv\u6a21\u5757\u7684DictReader<\/code>\u7c7b\u5c06CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u952e\u4e3a\u5217\u540d\uff0c\u503c\u4e3a\u5355\u5143\u683c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u7ec6\u8282\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u7279\u5b9a\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528numpy\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86pandas\u548ccsv\u6a21\u5757\uff0cnumpy\u5e93\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u867d\u7136numpy\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165numpy\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5numpy\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install numpy<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u7136\u540e\u5728Python\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165numpy\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import numpy as np<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528numpy\u7684genfromtxt<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
data = np.genfromtxt('your_file.csv', delimiter=',', names=True, dtype=None, encoding='utf-8')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbeCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u540d\u4e3a'column_name'<\/code>\u7684\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
specified_column = data['column_name']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/strong> numpy\u7684genfromtxt<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u7ec4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5217\u540d\u7d22\u5f15\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u867d\u7136numpy\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u5982pandas\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6570\u503c\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0cnumpy\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e0e\u9009\u62e9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. pandas\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u652f\u6301\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5982numpy\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. csv\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u989d\u5916\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u4ee3\u7801\u91cf\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u7ec6\u8282\u7e41\u7410\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. numpy\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u8d8a\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u6570\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u529f\u80fd\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u3001csv\u6a21\u5757\u548cnumpy\u5e93\u4eceCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_csv('your_file.csv')<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217<\/strong><\/h2>\n
specified_column = df['column_name']<\/p>\n
print(specified_column)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4f7f\u7528csv\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import csv<\/p>\n
with open('your_file.csv', mode='r') as file:<\/p>\n
    csv_reader = csv.DictReader(file)<\/p>\n
    specified_column = [row['column_name'] for row in csv_reader]<\/p>\n
print(specified_column)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u4f7f\u7528numpy\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import numpy as np<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
data = np.genfromtxt('your_file.csv', delimiter=',', names=True, dtype=None, encoding='utf-8')<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217<\/strong><\/h2>\n
specified_column = data['column_name']<\/p>\n
print(specified_column)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u6570\u636e\u89c4\u6a21\u3002<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528csv\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0cnumpy\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u638c\u63e1\u5982\u4f55\u4eceCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5217\uff1f<\/strong>
\u8981\u4eceCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86pandas<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528read_csv<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5217\u540d\u6216\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5217\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
import pandas as pd\n\n# \u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\ndata = pd.read_csv('your_file.csv')\n\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\nspecific_column = data['column_name']  # \u6309\u5217\u540d\u83b7\u53d6\n# \u6216\u8005\nspecific_column = data.iloc[:, column_index]  # \u6309\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u83b7\u53d6\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u65f6\u6307\u5b9ana_values<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u3002\u8bfb\u53d6\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528dropna()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5220\u9664\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528fillna()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u586b\u5145\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
data = pd.read_csv('your_file.csv', na_values=['NA', 'NULL'])\ndata.dropna(inplace=True)  # \u5220\u9664\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\n# \u6216\u8005\ndata.fillna(0, inplace=True)  # \u75280\u586b\u5145\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u4eceCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u591a\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\uff1f<\/strong>
\u82e5\u9700\u83b7\u53d6\u591a\u4e2a\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728pandas<\/code>\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u4f20\u9012\u5217\u540d\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
specific_columns = data[['column1', 'column2', 'column3']]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
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