{"id":1130011,"date":"2025-01-08T20:34:59","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T12:34:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1130011.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T20:35:01","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T12:35:01","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%89%93%e5%bc%80%e5%bd%93%e5%89%8d%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95%e4%b8%8b%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e5%a4%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1130011.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u6253\u5f00\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\u5939"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u6253\u5f00\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\"<\/p>\n

Python \u6253\u5f00\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528os.listdir()<\/code>\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os.path<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u83b7\u53d6\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528os.listdir()<\/code>\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5217\u8868\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528os.listdir()<\/code>\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

os.listdir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5217\u51fa\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import os<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/h2>\n
current_directory = os.getcwd()<\/p>\n
\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/strong><\/h2>\n
files_and_folders = os.listdir(current_directory)<\/p>\n
print(files_and_folders)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86os.getcwd()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u8def\u5f84\u64cd\u4f5c\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os.getcwd()<\/code>\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
os.getcwd()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u8def\u5f84\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/h2>\n
current_directory = os.getcwd()<\/p>\n
print("\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55:", current_directory)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u64cd\u4f5c\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u6539\u53d8\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86os.chdir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u6539\u53d8\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/h2>\n
os.chdir('\/path\/to\/new\/directory')<\/p>\n
\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u5426\u6539\u53d8<\/strong><\/h2>\n
new_directory = os.getcwd()<\/p>\n
print("\u65b0\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55:", new_directory)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u7528os.listdir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os.listdir()<\/code>\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
os.listdir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/strong><\/h2>\n
files_and_folders = os.listdir()<\/p>\n
print("\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939:", files_and_folders)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os.scandir()<\/code>\u83b7\u53d6\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
os.scandir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u662f\u5426\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3001\u662f\u5426\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528os.scandir()\u83b7\u53d6\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with os.scandir() as entries:<\/p>\n
    for entry in entries:<\/p>\n
        print(entry.name, "\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u5939" if entry.is_dir() else "\u662f\u6587\u4ef6")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u83b7\u53d6\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86os.mkdir()<\/code>\u548cos.makedirs()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os.mkdir()<\/code>\u521b\u5efa\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
os.mkdir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1FileExistsError<\/code>\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/strong><\/h2>\n
os.mkdir('new_folder')<\/p>\n
print("\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3anew_folder<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os.makedirs()<\/code>\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u7ea7\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
os.makedirs()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u7ea7\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u7ea7\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/strong><\/h2>\n
os.makedirs('new_folder\/sub_folder')<\/p>\n
print("\u591a\u7ea7\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3anew_folder\/sub_folder<\/code>\u7684\u591a\u7ea7\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5220\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86os.remove()<\/code>\u3001os.rmdir()<\/code>\u548cshutil.rmtree()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os.remove()<\/code>\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
os.remove()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1FileNotFoundError<\/code>\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
os.remove('file_to_remove.txt')<\/p>\n
print("\u6587\u4ef6\u5220\u9664\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u540d\u4e3afile_to_remove.txt<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os.rmdir()<\/code>\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
os.rmdir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1OSError<\/code>\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/strong><\/h2>\n
os.rmdir('empty_folder')<\/p>\n
print("\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5220\u9664\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u540d\u4e3aempty_folder<\/code>\u7684\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u4f7f\u7528shutil.rmtree()<\/code>\u5220\u9664\u975e\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
shutil.rmtree()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u975e\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import shutil<\/p>\n
\u5220\u9664\u975e\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/strong><\/h2>\n
shutil.rmtree('non_empty_folder')<\/p>\n
print("\u975e\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5220\u9664\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u540d\u4e3anon_empty_folder<\/code>\u7684\u975e\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86os.rename()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os.rename()<\/code>\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
os.rename()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1FileNotFoundError<\/code>\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
os.rename('old_name.txt', 'new_name.txt')<\/p>\n
print("\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u540d\u4e3aold_name.txt<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u4e3anew_name.txt<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os.rename()<\/code>\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
os.rename()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/strong><\/h2>\n
os.rename('old_folder_name', 'new_folder_name')<\/p>\n
print("\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u540d\u4e3aold_folder_name<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u4e3anew_folder_name<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4fe1\u606f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os.stat()<\/code>\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
os.stat()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
file_info = os.stat('file.txt')<\/p>\n
print("\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f:", file_info.st_size)<\/p>\n
print("\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4:", file_info.st_ctime)<\/p>\n
print("\u6587\u4ef6\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4:", file_info.st_mtime)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u540d\u4e3afile.txt<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os.path<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
os.path<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
file_path = 'path\/to\/file.txt'<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/strong><\/h2>\n
file_name = os.path.basename(file_path)<\/p>\n
print("\u6587\u4ef6\u540d:", file_name)<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u540d<\/strong><\/h2>\n
file_extension = os.path.splitext(file_path)[1]<\/p>\n
print("\u6587\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u540d:", file_extension)<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/h2>\n
file_directory = os.path.dirname(file_path)<\/p>\n
print("\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55:", file_directory)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u672c\u8eab\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86open()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
open()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684read()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
with open('file_to_read.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    content = file.read()<\/p>\n
print("\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9:", content)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u540d\u4e3afile_to_read.txt<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
open()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684write()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
with open('file_to_write.txt', 'w') as file:<\/p>\n
    file.write("\u8fd9\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b0\u5185\u5bb9")<\/p>\n
print("\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5165\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u540d\u4e3afile_to_write.txt<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5199\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u6253\u5f00\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3001\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3001\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong>\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u60a8\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528os.getcwd()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u83b7\u5f97\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
import os\ncurrent_directory = os.getcwd()\nprint("\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u662f:", current_directory)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6253\u5f00\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff1f<\/strong>
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u7ed3\u5408os.chdir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u63d0\u4f9b\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
import os\nfolder_name = "your_folder_name"  # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u540d\nos.chdir(folder_name)\nprint("\u5df2\u5207\u6362\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5939:", os.getcwd())\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff1f<\/strong>
\u501f\u52a9os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684os.listdir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u4f20\u5165\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
import os\nfiles_and_folders = os.listdir(os.getcwd())\nprint("\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939:", files_and_folders)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python \u6253\u5f00\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528os.listdir()\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os.path\u6a21 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1130016,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1130011"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1130011"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1130011\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1130020,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1130011\/revisions\/1130020"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1130016"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1130011"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1130011"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1130011"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}