{"id":1130179,"date":"2025-01-08T20:36:53","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T12:36:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1130179.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T20:36:56","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T12:36:56","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%b0%86%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b0%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e6%8e%92%e5%ba%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1130179.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\"<\/p>\n

Python\u4e2d\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u539f\u5217\u8868\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u800csorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5219\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u539f\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u7f6e\u7684sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u539f\u5217\u8868\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

numbers = [4, 2, 9, 1, 5, 6]<\/p>\n
numbers.sort()<\/p>\n
print(numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0csort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6570\u503c\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684reverse<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aTrue<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
numbers.sort(reverse=True)<\/p>\n
print(numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [9, 6, 5, 4, 2, 1]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4e0esort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
numbers = [4, 2, 9, 1, 5, 6]<\/p>\n
sorted_numbers = sorted(numbers)<\/p>\n
print(sorted_numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9]<\/p>\n
print(numbers)         # \u8f93\u51fa: [4, 2, 9, 1, 5, 6]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0esort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\u6837\uff0csorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e5f\u662f\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528reverse<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
sorted_numbers = sorted(numbers, reverse=True)<\/p>\n
print(sorted_numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [9, 6, 5, 4, 2, 1]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u3002sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u548csorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2akey<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u6392\u5e8f\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u6309\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
numbers = [4, -2, 9, -1, 5, 6]<\/p>\n
numbers.sort(key=abs)<\/p>\n
print(numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [-1, -2, 4, 5, 6, 9]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u6309\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
words = ["banana", "pie", "Washington", "book"]<\/p>\n
words.sort(key=len)<\/p>\n
print(words)  # \u8f93\u51fa: ['pie', 'book', 'banana', 'Washington']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0e\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u6392\u5e8f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f8\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8esort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u548csorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u90fd\u662fTimsort\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Timsort\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3aO(n log n)\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u574f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e5f\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e00\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002\u5176\u7a7a\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3aO(n)\uff0c\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u90e8\u5206\u6709\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528bisect<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u4fdd\u6301\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u8fdb\u884c\u5b8c\u6574\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import bisect<\/p>\n
numbers = [1, 3, 4, 7]<\/p>\n
bisect.insort(numbers, 2)<\/p>\n
print(numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 2, 3, 4, 7]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u7528\u751f\u6210\u5668\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f18\u5316\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u751f\u6210\u5668\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
data = ((4, 'D'), (1, 'A'), (3, 'C'), (2, 'B'))<\/p>\n
sorted_data = sorted(data, key=lambda x: x[0])<\/p>\n
print(sorted_data)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [(1, 'A'), (2, 'B'), (3, 'C'), (4, 'D')]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178\u5217\u8868\u6309\u67d0\u4e2a\u952e\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178\u5217\u8868\u6309\u67d0\u4e2a\u952e\u7684\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u7ee9\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u6309\u6210\u7ee9\u6392\u5e8f\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
students = [<\/p>\n
    {"name": "John", "score": 90},<\/p>\n
    {"name": "Jane", "score": 85},<\/p>\n
    {"name": "Dave", "score": 92}<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
sorted_students = sorted(students, key=lambda x: x["score"])<\/p>\n
print(sorted_students)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [{'name': 'Jane', 'score': 85}, {'name': 'John', 'score': 90}, {'name': 'Dave', 'score': 92}]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5d4c\u5957\u5217\u8868\u6216\u5143\u7ec4\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ea7\u6392\u5e8f\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
data = [<\/p>\n
    (1, 'B', 3),<\/p>\n
    (1, 'A', 2),<\/p>\n
    (2, 'B', 1),<\/p>\n
    (2, 'A', 4)<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
sorted_data = sorted(data, key=lambda x: (x[0], x[1]))<\/p>\n
print(sorted_data)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [(1, 'A', 2), (1, 'B', 3), (2, 'A', 4), (2, 'B', 1)]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\u4e14\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u548csorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u6392\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u505a\u51fa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u3002sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u59cb\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u800csorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528my_list.sort()<\/code>\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8my_list<\/code>\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u7528new_list = sorted(my_list)<\/code>\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
Python\u662f\u5426\u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff1f<\/strong>
\u662f\u7684\uff0cPython\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u4f7f\u7528sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6ereverse=True<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cmy_list.sort(reverse=True)<\/code>\u5c06\u539f\u59cb\u5217\u8868\u6309\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u800cnew_list = sorted(my_list, reverse=True)<\/code>\u5219\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u964d\u5e8f\u7684\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cmy_list.sort()<\/code>\u5c06\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528key=str.lower<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982my_list.sort(key=str.lower)<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u4e2d\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684sort()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684sorted()\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1130186,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1130179"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1130179"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1130179\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1130187,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1130179\/revisions\/1130187"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1130186"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1130179"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1130179"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1130179"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}