{"id":1149834,"date":"2025-01-13T16:54:18","date_gmt":"2025-01-13T08:54:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1149834.html"},"modified":"2025-01-13T16:54:20","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T08:54:20","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%b0%83%e7%94%a8%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1149834.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u6587\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u5e93\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528open()\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u6a21\u5757os\u548cpathlib\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0copen()\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u4e14\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528open()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528open()\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

open()\u51fd\u6570\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f'r'\uff08\u8bfb\u53d6\uff09\u3001'w'\uff08\u5199\u5165\uff09\u3001'a'\uff08\u8ffd\u52a0\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u4f7f\u7528open()\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u6216\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

# \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    content = file.read()<\/p>\n
    print(content)<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open('example.txt', 'w') as file:<\/p>\n
    file.write('Hello, World!')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528open()\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u7ed3\u5408with\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u9501\u5b9a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982read()\u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3001readline()\u6309\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001readlines()\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528write()\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    content = file.read()<\/p>\n
    print(content)<\/p>\n
\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    for line in file:<\/p>\n
        print(line.strip())<\/p>\n
\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open('example.txt', 'w') as file:<\/p>\n
    file.write('Hello, World!\\n')<\/p>\n
    file.write('This is a sample text.')<\/p>\n
\u8ffd\u52a0\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open('example.txt', 'a') as file:<\/p>\n
    file.write('This is an appended text.')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5176\u4ed6\u8c03\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528open()\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
open()\u51fd\u6570\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528open()\u51fd\u6570\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f'r'\uff08\u8bfb\u53d6\uff09\u3001'w'\uff08\u5199\u5165\uff09\u3001'a'\uff08\u8ffd\u52a0\uff09\u3001'b'\uff08\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6<\/p>\n
file = open('example.txt', 'r')<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u5165<\/strong><\/h2>\n
file = open('example.txt', 'w')<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u8ffd\u52a0\u5199\u5165<\/strong><\/h2>\n
file = open('example.txt', 'a')<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
file = open('example.bin', 'rb')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528read()\u3001readline()\u548creadlines()\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    content = file.read()<\/p>\n
    print(content)<\/p>\n
\u6309\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    for line in file:<\/p>\n
        print(line.strip())<\/p>\n
\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u5217\u8868\u4e2d<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    lines = file.readlines()<\/p>\n
    for line in lines:<\/p>\n
        print(line.strip())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528write()\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
with open('example.txt', 'w') as file:<\/p>\n
    file.write('Hello, World!\\n')<\/p>\n
    file.write('This is a sample text.')<\/p>\n
\u8ffd\u52a0\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open('example.txt', 'a') as file:<\/p>\n
    file.write('This is an appended text.')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4. \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5c3d\u7ba1Python\u4f1a\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u4e60\u60ef\u3002\u4f7f\u7528with\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u663e\u5f0f\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
file = open('example.txt', 'r')<\/p>\n
content = file.read()<\/p>\n
file.close()<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528with\u8bed\u53e5\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    content = file.read()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os\u548cpathlib\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
os\u548cpathlib\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5220\u9664\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
os\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/strong><\/h2>\n
if os.path.exists('example.txt'):<\/p>\n
    print('File exists')<\/p>\n
\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
os.rename('example.txt', 'new_example.txt')<\/p>\n
\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
os.remove('new_example.txt')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4f7f\u7528pathlib\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from pathlib import Path<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efaPath\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n
file_path = Path('example.txt')<\/p>\n
\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/strong><\/h2>\n
if file_path.exists():<\/p>\n
    print('File exists')<\/p>\n
\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
file_path.rename('new_example.txt')<\/p>\n
\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
file_path.unlink()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
pandas\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u5e93\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982CSV\u3001Excel\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_csv('example.csv')<\/p>\n
print(df.head())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_excel('example.xlsx')<\/p>\n
print(df.head())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u8bfb\u53d6JSON\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6JSON\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_json('example.json')<\/p>\n
print(df.head())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u5916\u90e8\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86pandas\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5916\u90e8\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982openpyxl\u3001csv\u3001json\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
from openpyxl import load_workbook<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook = load_workbook('example.xlsx')<\/p>\n
sheet = workbook.active<\/p>\n
for row in sheet.iter_rows(values_only=True):<\/p>\n
    print(row)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4f7f\u7528csv\u6a21\u5757\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import csv<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open('example.csv', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    reader = csv.reader(file)<\/p>\n
    for row in reader:<\/p>\n
        print(row)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u4f7f\u7528json\u6a21\u5757\u8bfb\u53d6JSON\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import json<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6JSON\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with open('example.json', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    data = json.load(file)<\/p>\n
    print(data)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u6a21\u5757\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u5916\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4f7f\u7528os.path\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
os.path\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/h2>\n
abs_path = os.path.abspath('example.txt')<\/p>\n
print(abs_path)<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540d<\/strong><\/h2>\n
dir_name = os.path.dirname('example.txt')<\/p>\n
print(dir_name)<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u540d<\/strong><\/h2>\n
base_name = os.path.basename('example.txt')<\/p>\n
print(base_name)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4f7f\u7528pathlib\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from pathlib import Path<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efaPath\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n
file_path = Path('example.txt')<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/h2>\n
abs_path = file_path.resolve()<\/p>\n
print(abs_path)<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540d<\/strong><\/h2>\n
dir_name = file_path.parent<\/p>\n
print(dir_name)<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u540d<\/strong><\/h2>\n
base_name = file_path.name<\/p>\n
print(base_name)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5904\u7406\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5904\u7406\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u8bfb\u53d6\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bfb\u53d6\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
with open('example.bin', 'rb') as file:<\/p>\n
    content = file.read()<\/p>\n
    print(content)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u5199\u5165\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5199\u5165\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
with open('example.bin', 'wb') as file:<\/p>\n
    file.write(b'Hello, World!')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5206\u5757\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u5927\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
# \u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u5927\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
with open('large_file.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    for line in file:<\/p>\n
        process(line)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u5206\u5757\u8bfb\u53d6\u5927\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5206\u5757\u8bfb\u53d6\u5927\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
chunk_size = 1024  # \u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d61KB<\/p>\n
with open('large_file.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    while True:<\/p>\n
        chunk = file.read(chunk_size)<\/p>\n
        if not chunk:<\/p>\n
            break<\/p>\n
        process(chunk)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u7b49\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u6355\u83b7\u6587\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
        content = file.read()<\/p>\n
except FileNotFoundError:<\/p>\n
    print('File not found')<\/p>\n
except PermissionError:<\/p>\n
    print('Permission denied')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
class FileError(Exception):<\/p>\n
    pass<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
        content = file.read()<\/p>\n
except FileNotFoundError:<\/p>\n
    rAI<\/a>se FileError('File not found')<\/p>\n
except PermissionError:<\/p>\n
    raise FileError('Permission denied')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e5d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528open()\u51fd\u6570\u3001os\u548cpathlib\u6a21\u5757\u3001pandas\u5e93\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5916\u90e8\u5e93\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u9002\u7528\u7684\u573a\u666f\u548c\u4f18\u70b9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5404\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5904\u7406\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38\uff0cPython\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5e93\u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u4e4b\uff0cPython\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7075\u6d3b\u591a\u6837\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684open()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5982'r'\u8868\u793a\u8bfb\u53d6\uff09\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528read()<\/code>, readline()<\/code>\u6216readlines()<\/code>\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528with open('filename.txt', 'r') as file:<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u3002<\/p>\n
Python\u652f\u6301\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1f<\/strong>
Python\u7684open()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec'r'\uff08\u53ea\u8bfb\uff09\u3001'w'\uff08\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u3001'a'\uff08\u8ffd\u52a0\u5185\u5bb9\uff09\u3001'b'\uff08\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u548c't'\uff08\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u540c\u6837\u4f7f\u7528open()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a'w'\u6216'a'\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8ffd\u52a0\u5185\u5bb9\u5230\u73b0\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f7f\u7528file.write()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cwith open('output.txt', 'w') as file:<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u591a\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u627e\u5230\u6216\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u4f7f\u7528try<\/code>\u548cexcept<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0ctry: with open('filename.txt', 'r') as file: ... except FileNotFoundError: print('\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u627e\u5230')<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u9519\u8bef\u800c\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u5e93\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528open()\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u8def […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1149837,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1149834"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1149834"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1149834\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1149838,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1149834\/revisions\/1149838"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1149837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1149834"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1149834"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1149834"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}