{"id":1155473,"date":"2025-01-13T18:03:57","date_gmt":"2025-01-13T10:03:57","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-01-13T18:03:59","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T10:03:59","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%88%a4%e6%96%ad%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e7%bb%93%e6%9d%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1155473.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\"<\/p>\n

Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528subprocess<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3001os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u548cmultiprocessing<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u6355\u83b7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7801\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u673a\u5236\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528subprocess<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528subprocess.Popen<\/code>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528poll()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\uff0cpoll()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7801\uff1b\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56deNone<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u76f4\u89c2\u548c\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528subprocess<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u5224\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

subprocess<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5728\u6267\u884c\u5916\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u4e0e\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528subprocess.Popen<\/code>\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import subprocess<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/strong><\/h2>\n
process = subprocess.Popen(['ping', '-c', '4', 'google.com'])<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528poll()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u68c0\u67e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
poll()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u5b83\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7801\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecd\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56deNone<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
while True:<\/p>\n
    if process.poll() is not None:<\/p>\n
        print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f")<\/p>\n
        break<\/p>\n
    else:<\/p>\n
        print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecd\u5728\u8fd0\u884c")<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(1)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u5224\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u83b7\u53d6\u8fdb\u7a0bID\uff08PID\uff09\u548c\u68c0\u67e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u8fdb\u7a0bID\uff08PID\uff09<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528os.getpid()<\/code>\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684PID\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528os.fork()<\/code>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u5176PID\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
pid = os.fork()<\/p>\n
if pid == 0:<\/p>\n
    # \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
    print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0bID:", os.getpid())<\/p>\n
    os._exit(0)<\/p>\n
else:<\/p>\n
    # \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
    print("\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0bID:", os.getpid())<\/p>\n
    print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0bID:", pid)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528os.wAI<\/a>tpid()<\/code>\u68c0\u67e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
os.waitpid()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7b49\u5f85\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684PID\u548c\u9000\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pid, status = os.waitpid(pid, 0)<\/p>\n
print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u9000\u51fa\u72b6\u6001:", status)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528multiprocessing<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u5224\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
multiprocessing<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u591a\u6838CPU\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528multiprocessing.Process<\/code>\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from multiprocessing import Process<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
def worker():<\/p>\n
    print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f00\u59cb")<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(5)<\/p>\n
    print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f")<\/p>\n
process = Process(target=worker)<\/p>\n
process.start()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528is_alive()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u68c0\u67e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
is_alive()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u4ecd\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
while True:<\/p>\n
    if not process.is_alive():<\/p>\n
        print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f")<\/p>\n
        break<\/p>\n
    else:<\/p>\n
        print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecd\u5728\u8fd0\u884c")<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(1)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u68c0\u67e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528threading.Event<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528threading.Event<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u548c\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from multiprocessing import Process, Event<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
def worker(event):<\/p>\n
    print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f00\u59cb")<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(5)<\/p>\n
    print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f")<\/p>\n
    event.set()<\/p>\n
event = Event()<\/p>\n
process = Process(target=worker, args=(event,))<\/p>\n
process.start()<\/p>\n
while not event.is_set():<\/p>\n
    print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecd\u5728\u8fd0\u884c")<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(1)<\/p>\n
print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cfmultiprocessing.Semaphore<\/code><\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528multiprocessing.Semaphore<\/code>\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from multiprocessing import Process, Semaphore<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
def worker(semaphore):<\/p>\n
    print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f00\u59cb")<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(5)<\/p>\n
    print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f")<\/p>\n
    semaphore.release()<\/p>\n
semaphore = Semaphore(0)<\/p>\n
process = Process(target=worker, args=(semaphore,))<\/p>\n
process.start()<\/p>\n
semaphore.acquire()<\/p>\n
print("\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5224\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528subprocess<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3001os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u548cmultiprocessing<\/code>\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u68c0\u67e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u4f60\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528subprocess<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u8981\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528poll()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56deNone<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecd\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\uff0c\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
import subprocess\nprocess = subprocess.Popen(['your_command'])\nif process.poll() is None:\n    print("\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecd\u5728\u8fd0\u884c")\nelse:\n    print("\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ed3\u675f")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Python\u4e2d\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528subprocess<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528wait()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u573a\u666f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
exit_code = process.wait()\nprint(f"\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff1a{exit_code}")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528Python\u7684os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u76d1\u63a7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\uff1f<\/strong>
os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u901a\u8fc7os.kill(pid, 0)<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u6307\u5b9a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecd\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u4e0d\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u629b\u51faProcessLookupError<\/code>\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
import os\n\npid = 1234  # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684PID\ntry:\n    os.kill(pid, 0)\n    print("\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecd\u5728\u8fd0\u884c")\nexcept ProcessLookupError:\n    print("\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ed3\u675f")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528subprocess\u6a21\u5757\u3001os\u6a21\u5757\u548cmultipr […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1155478,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1155473"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1155473"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1155473\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1155479,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1155473\/revisions\/1155479"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1155478"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1155473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1155473"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1155473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}