{"id":1166248,"date":"2025-01-15T15:29:55","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T07:29:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1166248.html"},"modified":"2025-01-15T15:29:58","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T07:29:58","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%bb%99%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8%e6%8e%92%e5%ba%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1166248.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u7ed9\u5217\u8868\u6392\u5e8f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u7ed9\u5217\u8868\u6392\u5e8f\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u7ed9\u5217\u8868\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62eclist.sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u4f7f\u7528lambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong>\u7b49\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001list.sort() \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

list.sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5217\u8868\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff08in-place sorting\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u539f\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

numbers = [4, 2, 9, 1, 5, 6]<\/p>\n
numbers.sort()<\/p>\n
print(numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
list.sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u6309\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570 reverse=True<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
numbers.sort(reverse=True)<\/p>\n
print(numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [9, 6, 5, 4, 2, 1]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0clist.sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a key<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002key<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u7684\u503c\u5e94\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
words = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "date"]<\/p>\n
words.sort(key=len)<\/p>\n
print(words)  # \u8f93\u51fa: ['date', 'apple', 'banana', 'cherry']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001sorted() \u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6bd4list.sort()<\/code>\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
numbers = [4, 2, 9, 1, 5, 6]<\/p>\n
sorted_numbers = sorted(numbers)<\/p>\n
print(sorted_numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9]<\/p>\n
print(numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [4, 2, 9, 1, 5, 6] \u539f\u5217\u8868\u672a\u88ab\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7 reverse<\/code> \u548c key<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
sorted_numbers_desc = sorted(numbers, reverse=True)<\/p>\n
print(sorted_numbers_desc)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [9, 6, 5, 4, 2, 1]<\/p>\n
words = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "date"]<\/p>\n
sorted_words_by_length = sorted(words, key=len)<\/p>\n
print(sorted_words_by_length)  # \u8f93\u51fa: ['date', 'apple', 'banana', 'cherry']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u7ed9key<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5143\u7ec4\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7ec4\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u5e74\u9f84\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u6839\u636e\u5e74\u9f84\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
people = [("Alice", 30), ("Bob", 25), ("Charlie", 35)]<\/p>\n
people.sort(key=lambda person: person[1])<\/p>\n
print(people)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [('Bob', 25), ('Alice', 30), ('Charlie', 35)]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2a\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570\uff08lambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09\u7ed9 key<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6309\u7167\u5143\u7ec4\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5373\u5e74\u9f84\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0 reverse=True<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
people.sort(key=lambda person: person[1], reverse=True)<\/p>\n
print(people)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [('Charlie', 35), ('Alice', 30), ('Bob', 25)]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0clambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5728\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u5e74\u9f84\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u6839\u636e\u5e74\u9f84\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
people = [{"name": "Alice", "age": 30}, {"name": "Bob", "age": 25}, {"name": "Charlie", "age": 35}]<\/p>\n
sorted_people = sorted(people, key=lambda person: person["age"])<\/p>\n
print(sorted_people)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [{'name': 'Bob', 'age': 25}, {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30}, {'name': 'Charlie', 'age': 35}]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2a lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ed9 key<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6309\u7167\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684 age<\/code> \u952e\u7684\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u7ed3\u5408\u591a\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u591a\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u6839\u636e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u518d\u6839\u636e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u5e74\u9f84\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u9996\u5148\u6839\u636e\u5e74\u9f84\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5e74\u9f84\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6839\u636e\u540d\u5b57\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
people = [{"name": "Alice", "age": 30}, {"name": "Bob", "age": 25}, {"name": "Charlie", "age": 25}, {"name": "David", "age": 30}]<\/p>\n
sorted_people = sorted(people, key=lambda person: (person["age"], -ord(person["name"][0])))<\/p>\n
print(sorted_people)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [{'name': 'Charlie', 'age': 25}, {'name': 'Bob', 'age': 25}, {'name': 'David', 'age': 30}, {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30}]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684 lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7ed9 key<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u9996\u5148\u6839\u636e age<\/code> \u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728 age<\/code> \u76f8\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6839\u636e\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\uff08\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u9006\u5e8f\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u662f\u6307\u5728\u6392\u5e8f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u952e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\u5e94\u8be5\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002Python \u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08Timsort\uff09\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 sort()<\/code> \u6216 sorted()<\/code> \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u76f8\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u952e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\u4f1a\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
people = [("Alice", 30), ("Bob", 25), ("Charlie", 30), ("David", 25)]<\/p>\n
sorted_people = sorted(people, key=lambda person: person[1])<\/p>\n
print(sorted_people)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [('Bob', 25), ('David', 25), ('Alice', 30), ('Charlie', 30)]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cBob<\/code> \u548c David<\/code> \u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0cAlice<\/code> \u548c Charlie<\/code> \u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\u4e5f\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6392\u5e8f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u5728 Python \u4e2d\u7ed9\u5217\u8868\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62eclist.sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u4f7f\u7528lambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\u7b49\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u7075\u6d3b\u8fd0\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u6392\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u638c\u63e1 Python \u4e2d\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f16\u7a0b\u6548\u7387\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff1f<\/strong>
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