{"id":1175707,"date":"2025-01-15T17:35:39","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T09:35:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1175707.html"},"modified":"2025-01-15T17:35:41","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T09:35:41","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%af%bc%e5%85%a5excel%e8%a1%a8%e6%a0%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1175707.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u5165excel\u8868\u683c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u5165excel\u8868\u683c\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165Excel\u8868\u683c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u3001openpyxl\u5e93\u3001xlrd\u5e93<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cpandas\u5e93\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u4e14\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u6765\u5bfc\u5165Excel\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u7684pandas\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u5bfc\u5165Excel\u8868\u683c<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pandas\u5e93\u662fPython\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u64cd\u4f5cExcel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u5199\u5165\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u5bfc\u5165Excel\u8868\u683c\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5pandas\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u8be5\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u901a\u8fc7pip\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install pandas<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5bfc\u5165pandas\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165pandas\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528pd.read_excel<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aDataFrame\u4e2d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2aExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/p>\n
df = pd.read_excel('path_to_file.xlsx')<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_excel('path_to_file.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet1')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u5b58\u50a8\u5728DataFrame\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u663e\u793a\u524d\u4e94\u884c\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
print(df.head())<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(df.describe())<\/p>\n
\u7b5b\u9009\u7279\u5b9a\u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
selected_columns = df[['Column1', 'Column2']]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4fdd\u5b58\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u5b58\u56deExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528to_excel<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5c06DataFrame\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
df.to_excel('output_file.xlsx', index=False)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001pandas\u5e93\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
pandas\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u6837\u5316\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6781\u5927\u5730\u7b80\u5316Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9bpandas\u5e93\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\uff1apandas\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u591a\u529f\u80fd\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u9664\u4e86\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cpandas\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406CSV\u3001SQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001JSON\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927<\/strong>\uff1apandas\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u6570\u636e\u7b5b\u9009\u3001\u5206\u7ec4\u3001\u805a\u5408\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. \u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6Python\u5e93\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/strong>\uff1apandas\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6Python\u5e93\uff08\u5982NumPy\u3001Matplotlib\u3001Scikit-learn\u7b49\uff09\u65e0\u7f1d\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e03\u3001openpyxl\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u9664\u4e86pandas\u5e93\u5916\uff0copenpyxl\u5e93\u4e5f\u662f\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684Excel\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\u6765\u5bfc\u5165Excel\u8868\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b89\u88c5openpyxl\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    pip install openpyxl<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5bfc\u5165openpyxl\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    from openpyxl import load_workbook<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    # \u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
    workbook = load_workbook('path_to_file.xlsx')<\/p>\n
    \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u7684\u540d\u79f0<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    print(workbook.sheetnames)<\/p>\n
    \u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    sheet = workbook['Sheet1']<\/p>\n
    \u8bfb\u53d6\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    cell_value = sheet['A1'].value<\/p>\n
    print(cell_value)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5904\u7406\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    openpyxl\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684Excel\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u6dfb\u52a0\u516c\u5f0f\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6837\u5f0f\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u8868\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u516b\u3001xlrd\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    xlrd\u5e93\u4e5f\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3b\u8981\u652f\u6301Excel 97-2003\u683c\u5f0f\uff08.xls\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8f83\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528xlrd\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b89\u88c5xlrd\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    pip install xlrd<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5bfc\u5165xlrd\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    import xlrd<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    # \u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
    workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('path_to_file.xls')<\/p>\n
    \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u7684\u540d\u79f0<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    print(workbook.sheet_names())<\/p>\n
    \u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    sheet = workbook.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')<\/p>\n
    \u8bfb\u53d6\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    cell_value = sheet.cell_value(0, 0)<\/p>\n
    print(cell_value)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e5d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165Excel\u8868\u683c\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cpandas\u5e93\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u4e14\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0copenpyxl\u5e93\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742Excel\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u800cxlrd\u5e93\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u8f83\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6781\u5927\u5730\u7b80\u5316Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u5e93\u6765\u5bfc\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662fpandas<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86pandas<\/code>\u548copenpyxl<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n
    pip install pandas openpyxl\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
    import pandas as pd\n\n# \u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\ndf = pd.read_excel('\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84.xlsx')\nprint(df)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u4e00\u4e2aDataFrame\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e8b\u9879\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728\u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fddExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u4e14\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0cExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u683c\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528sheet_name<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\uff0c\u5982pd.read_excel('\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet1')<\/code>\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6ce8\u610fExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4e2d\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u7f16\u7801\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6eencoding<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u6211\u60f3\u5bfc\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5217\u6216\u884c\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u505a\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u4f7f\u7528pandas<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7usecols<\/code>\u548cskiprows<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5217\u548c\u884c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u53ea\u60f3\u5bfc\u5165A\u548cC\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n
    df = pd.read_excel('\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84.xlsx', usecols=['A', 'C'])\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8df3\u8fc7\u524d\u4e24\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n
    df = pd.read_excel('\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84.xlsx', skiprows=2)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
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