{"id":1372276,"date":"2025-04-04T04:34:11","date_gmt":"2025-04-03T20:34:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1372276.html"},"modified":"2025-04-04T04:34:11","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T20:34:11","slug":"maven%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae%e5%92%8cweb%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae%e7%9a%84%e5%8c%ba%e5%88%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1372276.html","title":{"rendered":"maven\u9879\u76ee\u548cweb\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u533a\u522b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"maven\u9879\u76ee\u548cweb\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u533a\u522b\"<\/p>\n

MAVEN\u9879\u76ee\u548cWEB\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u90e8\u7f72\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/strong> MAVEN\u9879\u76ee\u901a\u8fc7POM\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u4f20\u7edfWEB\u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56\u624b\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\uff1bMAVEN\u91c7\u7528\u7ea6\u5b9a\u4f18\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\uff0cWEB\u9879\u76ee\u5219\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u66f4\u9ad8\u4f46\u89c4\u8303\u6027\u8f83\u5f31\uff1b\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6MAVEN\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u63d2\u4ef6\u4e00\u952e\u6253\u5305\uff0cWEB\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u7ec4\u88c5\u8d44\u6e90\u3002 <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u5dee\u5f02\u6700\u4e3a\u663e\u8457<\/strong>\uff1aMAVEN\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u4ed3\u5e93\u548c\u672c\u5730\u4ed3\u5e93\u673a\u5236\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u51b3\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u7248\u672c\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4ec5\u9700\u5728POM\u4e2d\u58f0\u660e\u5750\u6807\uff08\u5982<groupId>junit<\/groupId><\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4f20\u9012\u6027\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u800cWEB\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7dJAR\u5305\u5e76\u653e\u5165\/WEB-INF\/lib<\/code>\uff0c\u7248\u672c\u5347\u7ea7\u65f6\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982Spring\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u94fe\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u6570\u5341\u4e2aJAR\uff0cMAVEN\u53ef\u7cbe\u51c6\u63a7\u5236\u5b50\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u8303\u56f4\uff08\u5982<scope>provided<\/scope><\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u800cWEB\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u81ea\u884c\u6392\u67e5\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236\u5dee\u5f02<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

MAVEN\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u57fa\u4e8ePOM\uff08Project Object Model\uff09\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u5f0f\u6784\u5efa<\/strong>\u3002POM\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5b9a\u4e49\u9879\u76ee\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7<dependencies><\/code>\u8282\u70b9\u663e\u5f0f\u58f0\u660e\u6240\u9700\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cMAVEN\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u81ea\u52a8\u4ece\u4e2d\u592e\u4ed3\u5e93\u6216\u79c1\u6709\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5f15\u5165Hibernate\u65f6\uff0c\u8fde\u5e26\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684Javassist\u3001JBoss-logging\u7b49\u6b21\u7ea7\u5e93\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u201c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5730\u72f1\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<dependencyManagement><\/code>\u652f\u6301\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u63a7\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4f20\u7edfWEB\u9879\u76ee\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f20\u7edfWEB\u9879\u76ee\u5219\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u624b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u9700\u4ece\u5b98\u7f51\u4e0b\u8f7d\u540e\u590d\u5236\u5230\/WEB-INF\/lib<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7248\u672c\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u9700\u9010\u4e2a\u6bd4\u5bf9JAR\u5305\u7684MANIFEST.MF\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528Struts2\u548cLog4j\u65f6\uff0c\u82e5\u4e24\u8005\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684ASM\u5e93\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u81ea\u884c\u6392\u9664\u51b2\u7a81\u7248\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u6781\u6613\u5f15\u53d1ClassNotFoundException<\/code>\u6216NoSuchMethodError<\/code>\u7b49\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95ee\u9898\u3002 <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

MAVEN\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7<scope><\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\u53ef\u6307\u5b9a\u4f9d\u8d56\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u7f16\u8bd1\uff08compile\uff09\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08test\uff09\u3001\u6216\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff08runtime\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5c06Servlet API\u8bbe\u4e3a<scope>provided<\/scope><\/code>\uff0c\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u8be5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6253\u5165\u6700\u7ec8WAR\u5305\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\uff08\u5982Tomcat\uff09\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u800cWEB\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u82e5\u8bef\u5c06servlet-api.jar\u6253\u5305\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0java.lang.LinkageError<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u4e0e\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

MAVEN\u9879\u76ee\u4e25\u683c\u9075\u5faa\u7ea6\u5b9a\u4f18\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\uff08Convention Over Configuration\uff09\u539f\u5219<\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u7531\u63d2\u4ef6\u7ea6\u5b9a\u56fa\u5316\u3002\u4f8b\u5982Java\u6e90\u7801\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728src\/mAI<\/a>n\/java<\/code>\uff0c\u8d44\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7f6e\u4e8esrc\/main\/resources<\/code>\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u5219\u5728src\/test\/java<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u65e0\u9700\u989d\u5916\u914d\u7f6e\u5373\u53ef\u4e0e\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Jenkins\uff09\u65e0\u7f1d\u5bf9\u63a5\u3002mvn archetype:generate<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u751f\u6210\u7b26\u5408\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u9aa8\u67b6\u3002 <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f20\u7edfWEB\u9879\u76ee\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u81ea\u7531\u5b9a\u4e49\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u5e03\u5c40\u4ec5\u5305\u542b\/WEB-INF\/web.xml<\/code>\u3001\/WEB-INF\/classes<\/code>\u548c\/WEB-INF\/lib<\/code>\u7b49\u5fc5\u8981\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u867d\u7136\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5c0f\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u5feb\u901f\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u56e2\u961f\u534f\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5bb9\u6613\u56e0\u89c4\u8303\u7f3a\u5931\u5bfc\u81f4\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5f00\u53d1\u8005A\u5c06\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5728\/config<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005B\u4f7f\u7528\/src\/conf<\/code>\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u9700\u4eba\u5de5\u534f\u8c03\u3002 <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

MAVEN\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7ed3\u6784\u8fd8\u4f18\u5316\u4e86\u8d44\u6e90\u8fc7\u6ee4\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728POM\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e<resources><\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\uff08dev\/test\/prod\uff09\u52a8\u6001\u66ff\u6362\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u5982${db.url}<\/code>\uff09\u3002\u800cWEB\u9879\u76ee\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9Ant\u811a\u672c\u6216\u624b\u52a8\u4fee\u6539\u5c5e\u6027\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u73af\u5883\u9694\u79bb\u3002\u4f8b\u5982Spring\u7684PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer<\/code>\u5728MAVEN\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230src\/main\/filters\/filter-${env}.properties<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e09\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e0e\u63d2\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u80fd\u529b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

MAVEN\u7684\u4e09\u5957\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\uff08clean\/default\/site\uff09<\/strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002default<\/code>\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5305\u542bvalidate\u3001compile\u3001test\u3001package\u3001install\u7b49\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6267\u884cmvn package<\/code>\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u89e6\u53d1\u524d\u7f6e\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u58f0\u660e\u5f0f\u6784\u5efa\u4f7f\u5f97\u91cd\u590d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u8fd0\u884c\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cWEB\u9879\u76ee\u901a\u5e38\u4f9d\u8d56IDE\uff08\u5982Eclipse\uff09\u7684\u5bfc\u51fa\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u624b\u52a8\u6267\u884cjar cvf<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u3002 <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u63d2\u4ef6\u4f53\u7cfb\u662fMAVEN\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u5927\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u5b98\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d85\u8fc7200\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982maven-compiler-plugin<\/code>\u53ef\u6307\u5b9aJDK\u7248\u672c\uff0cmaven-surefire-plugin<\/code>\u63a7\u5236\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u6267\u884c\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8fd8\u80fd\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u63d2\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u901a\u8fc7frontend-maven-plugin<\/code>\u96c6\u6210Node.js\u6784\u5efa\u524d\u7aef\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u800cWEB\u9879\u76ee\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9700\u7f16\u5199\u590d\u6742\u7684Ant\u811a\u672c\u6216Shell\u811a\u672c\u3002 <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

MAVEN\u7684\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u652f\u6301<\/strong>\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u5927\u578bWEB\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7<modules><\/code>\u5c06\u9879\u76ee\u62c6\u5206\u4e3acore\u3001service\u3001web\u7b49\u5b50\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u72ec\u7acb\u7f16\u8bd1\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u7236POM\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u516c\u5171\u4f9d\u8d56\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5b50\u6a21\u5757\u6309\u9700\u7ee7\u627f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u7535\u5546\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u5c06\u8ba2\u5355\u3001\u652f\u4ed8\u7b49\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7mvn install<\/code>\u53d1\u5e03\u5230\u672c\u5730\u4ed3\u5e93\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u4f20\u7edfWEB\u9879\u76ee\u82e5\u9700\u6a21\u5757\u5316\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u7269\u7406\u76ee\u5f55\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u66f4\u52a0\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u56db\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u4e0e\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u9002\u914d\u7b56\u7565<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

MAVEN\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u5305\uff08WAR\/EAR\uff09\u901a\u8fc7mvn package<\/code>\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u7f16\u8bd1\u7c7b\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u53ca\u4f20\u9012\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002maven-war-plugin<\/code>\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u52a8\u6001\u6392\u9664\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5982<excludes>\/*.properties<\/excludes><\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u901a\u8fc7<webResources><\/code>\u6dfb\u52a0\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6\u53ea\u9700\u5c06WAR\u5305\u590d\u5236\u5230Tomcat\u7684webapps<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u5df2\u5185\u5d4c\u3002 <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f20\u7edfWEB\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u5305\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u624b\u52a8\u7ec4\u88c5\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u5305\u62ec\u9057\u6f0fJAR\u5305\uff08\u5982\u672a\u5c06MySQL\u9a71\u52a8\u653e\u5165\/lib<\/code>\uff09\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u7801\u9519\u8bef\uff08\u5982CSS\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u8f6c\u4e3aUTF-8\uff09\u3001\u6216\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u786c\u7f16\u7801\uff08\u5982new File("conf\/db.cfg")<\/code>\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5728MAVEN\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u8d44\u6e90\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u76ee\u5f55\u89c4\u907f\u3002 <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

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\n

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\n

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Maven\u9879\u76ee\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3aWeb\u9879\u76ee\u5417\uff1f<\/strong>
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