{"id":74216,"date":"2024-02-26T14:36:59","date_gmt":"2024-02-26T06:36:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/?p=74216"},"modified":"2024-02-26T14:37:14","modified_gmt":"2024-02-26T06:37:14","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8php%e4%b8%ad%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8solid%e5%8e%9f%e5%88%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/74216.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728PHP\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528SOLID\u539f\u5219"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u5728PHP\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528SOLID\u539f\u5219\"<\/p>\n

### \u5982\u4f55\u5728PHP\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528SOLID\u539f\u5219<\/p>\n

\u5728PHP\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528SOLID\u539f\u5219<\/strong>\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u3001\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002SOLID\u539f\u5219<\/strong>\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5355\u4e00\u804c\u8d23\u539f\u5219\u3001\u5f00\u653e\u5c01\u95ed\u539f\u5219\u3001\u91cc\u6c0f\u66ff\u6362\u539f\u5219\u3001\u63a5\u53e3\u9694\u79bb\u539f\u5219\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f9d\u8d56\u5012\u7f6e\u539f\u5219<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u6307\u5bfc\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5176\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728PHP\u4e2d\u5b9e\u8df5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c55\u793a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5355\u4e00\u804c\u8d23\u539f\u5219<\/strong>\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5e94\u8be5\u4ec5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f15\u8d77\u5b83\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e00\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5728PHP\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u6b64\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5927\u578b\u7c7b\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u3001\u66f4\u4e13\u6ce8\u7684\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u52a0\u6a21\u5757\u5316\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n

### \u4e00\u3001\u5355\u4e00\u804c\u8d23\u539f\u5219\uff08SRP\uff09<\/p>\n

\u5355\u4e00\u804c\u8d23\u539f\u5219\u8981\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e00\u9879\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728PHP\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u521b\u5efa\u5927\u800c\u5168\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u7c7b\u7ec6\u5206\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u5355\u4e00\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5c0f\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u3001\u4fdd\u5b58\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u663e\u793a\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u5355\u4e00\u804c\u8d23\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u51e0\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u53ea\u5904\u7406\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u597d\u5904\u5305\u62ec\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3001\u6613\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u8ba9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n

### \u4e8c\u3001\u5f00\u653e\u5c01\u95ed\u539f\u5219\uff08OCP\uff09<\/p>\n

\u5f00\u653e\u5c01\u95ed\u539f\u5219\u9f13\u52b1\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5757\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5bf9\u6269\u5c55\u5f00\u653e\u3001\u5bf9\u4fee\u6539\u5c01\u95ed\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u73b0\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5c55\u6765\u589e\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728PHP\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f00\u653e\u5c01\u95ed\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u548c\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u4ed8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u4ed8\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e3a\u6bcf\u79cd\u652f\u4ed8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u4fe1\u7528\u5361\u652f\u4ed8\u3001PayPal\u652f\u4ed8\u7b49\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u652f\u4ed8\u65b9\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

### \u4e09\u3001\u91cc\u6c0f\u66ff\u6362\u539f\u5219\uff08LSP\uff09<\/p>\n

\u91cc\u6c0f\u66ff\u6362\u539f\u5219\u8981\u6c42\u5b50\u7c7b\u80fd\u591f\u66ff\u6362\u5176\u57fa\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728PHP\u4e2d\uff0c\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e94\u5b8c\u5168\u7b26\u5408\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u7236\u7c7b\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u591f\u51fa\u73b0\u5e76\u6b63\u786e\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u8981\u6c42\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b50\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

### \u56db\u3001\u63a5\u53e3\u9694\u79bb\u539f\u5219\uff08ISP\uff09<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u53e3\u9694\u79bb\u539f\u5219\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u8981\u5f3a\u8feb\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u5728PHP\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5e94\u5f53\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b83\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u800c\u5168\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u66f4\u5c0f\u3001\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u5b83\u4eec\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

### \u4e94\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u5012\u7f6e\u539f\u5219\uff08DIP\uff09<\/p>\n

\u4f9d\u8d56\u5012\u7f6e\u539f\u5219\u9f13\u52b1\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u62bd\u8c61\u800c<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5728PHP\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528SOLID\u539f\u5219\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728PHP\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u9075\u5faaSOLID\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u5355\u4e00\u804c\u8d23\u539f\u5219\uff08Single Responsibility Principle\uff09\uff1a\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f15\u8d77\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u662f\u5f00\u95ed\u539f\u5219\uff08Open\/Closed Principle\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7c7b\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u6269\u5c55\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4fee\u6539\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6269\u5c55\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4fee\u6539\u73b0\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u91cc\u6c0f\u4ee3\u6362\u539f\u5219\uff08Liskov Substitution Principle\uff09\uff0c\u5b50\u7c7b\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u591f\u66ff\u6362\u5176\u7236\u7c7b\u5e76\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f9d\u8d56\u5012\u7f6e\u539f\u5219\uff08Dependency Inversion Principle\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u62bd\u8c61\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u9ad8\u5c42\u6a21\u5757\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4f4e\u5c42\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u62bd\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5728PHP\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u5355\u4e00\u804c\u8d23\u539f\u5219\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728PHP\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u5355\u4e00\u804c\u8d23\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u9650\u5236\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u804c\u8d23\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e13\u95e8\u8d1f\u8d23\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u8d1f\u8d23\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u6df7\u5408\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u804c\u8d23\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u53ea\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5728PHP\u4e2d\u5b9e\u8df5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5012\u7f6e\u539f\u5219\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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