{"id":929649,"date":"2024-12-26T16:59:53","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T08:59:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/929649.html"},"modified":"2024-12-26T16:59:56","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T08:59:56","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%af%bb%e5%86%99xml","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/929649.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u5199xml"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25064752\/34110edf-f39e-4b8e-b442-53e267673013.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u5199xml\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> \u5f00\u5934\u6bb5\u843d\uff1a<br \/>Python\u8bfb\u5199XML\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528<strong>ElementTree\u3001lxml\u3001minidom<\/strong>\u7b49\u5e93\u3002<strong>ElementTree<\/strong>\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u5c0f\u578b\u5230\u4e2d\u578b\u7684XML\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528ElementTree\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684XML\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u73b0\u6709\u7684XML\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c06XML\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528ElementTree\u5e93\u8fdb\u884cXML\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>ElementTree\u5e93\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9XML\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7b80\u4fbf\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002ElementTree\u4f7f\u7528\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u8868\u793aXML\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7ElementTree\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u52a0\u8f7dXML\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53ca\u5176\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5b58\u56deXML\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6b63\u6587\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001ElementTree\u5e93\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>ElementTree\u5e93\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406XML\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9XML\u6587\u6863\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002ElementTree\u4f7f\u7528\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u8868\u793aXML\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u6587\u672c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539XML\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>XML\u6811\u7ed3\u6784<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>XML\u6587\u6863\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u68f5\u6811\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u6811\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6811\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u6587\u6863\u7684\u9876\u5c42\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u8282\u70b9\u5219\u662f\u5b50\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002ElementTree\u5e93\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u8868\u793aXML\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u6811\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>ElementTree\u6a21\u5757<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>ElementTree\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u64cd\u4f5cXML\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u8f7dXML\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u89e3\u6790\u4e3aElementTree\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002ElementTree\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7c7b\uff1aElement\u548cElementTree\u3002Element\u8868\u793aXML\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0cElementTree\u8868\u793a\u6574\u4e2aXML\u6587\u6863\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528ElementTree\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u4ef6  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528ElementTree\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5904\u7406XML\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002ElementTree\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06XML\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528ElementTree\u7684parse\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u5bfc\u5165ElementTree\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528parse\u65b9\u6cd5\u52a0\u8f7dXML\u6587\u4ef6\u3002parse\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06XML\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u6790\u4e3aElementTree\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbf\u95eeXML\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET  <\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u4ef6  <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>tree = ET.parse(&#39;example.xml&#39;)  <\/p>\n<p>root = tree.getroot()  <\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86ElementTree\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528parse\u65b9\u6cd5\u52a0\u8f7d\u540d\u4e3a&#39;example.xml&#39;\u7684XML\u6587\u4ef6\u3002parse\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2aElementTree\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7getroot\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6XML\u6587\u6863\u7684\u6839\u5143\u7d20\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u904d\u5386XML\u5143\u7d20<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u5c06XML\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u6790\u4e3aElementTree\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386XML\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Element\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u904d\u5386\u5b50\u5143\u7d20\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">for child in root:  <\/p>\n<p>    print(child.tag, child.attrib)  <\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u904d\u5386\u4e86\u6839\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002child.tag\u8fd4\u56de\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u540d\uff0cchild.attrib\u8fd4\u56de\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5b57\u5178\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528ElementTree\u4fee\u6539XML\u6570\u636e  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4fee\u6539XML\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4f7f\u7528ElementTree\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Element\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4fee\u6539\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4fee\u6539\u5143\u7d20\u5c5e\u6027<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\u7684attrib\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">for child in root:  <\/p>\n<p>    child.set(&#39;new_attribute&#39;, &#39;value&#39;)  <\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a&#39;new_attribute&#39;\u7684\u65b0\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a&#39;value&#39;\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u4fee\u6539\u5143\u7d20\u6587\u672c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u5b58\u50a8\u5728Element\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684text\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539text\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u66f4\u6539\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">for child in root:  <\/p>\n<p>    child.text = &#39;New text content&#39;  <\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a&#39;New text content&#39;\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528ElementTree\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684XML\u6587\u6863  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684XML\u6587\u6863\u662fElementTree\u5e93\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Element\u548cElementTree\u7c7b\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u65b0\u7684XML\u6811\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u5143\u7d20<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684XML\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Element\u7c7b\u3002Element\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53d7\u6807\u7b7e\u540d\u548c\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5b57\u5178\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">new_element = ET.Element(&#39;new_element&#39;, {&#39;attribute&#39;: &#39;value&#39;})  <\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a&#39;new_element&#39;\u7684\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u5176\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u6784\u5efaXML\u6811<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ElementTree\u7c7b\u6765\u6784\u5efaXML\u6811\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6839\u5143\u7d20\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9ElementTree\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684ElementTree\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">new_tree = ET.ElementTree(new_element)  <\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684ElementTree\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4e4b\u524d\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6839\u5143\u7d20\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528ElementTree\u5199\u5165XML\u6587\u4ef6  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5c06XML\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4f7f\u7528ElementTree\u5e93\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ElementTree\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684write\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06XML\u6811\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5c06XML\u6811\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u8981\u5c06XML\u6811\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528ElementTree\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684write\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4f20\u9012\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">new_tree.write(&#39;new_example.xml&#39;)  <\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06XML\u6811\u5199\u5165\u540d\u4e3a&#39;new_example.xml&#39;\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5199\u5165\u9009\u9879<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>write\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd8\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u9009\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u5199\u5165\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7encoding\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9aXML\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7xml_declaration\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u5199\u5165XML\u58f0\u660e\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">new_tree.write(&#39;new_example.xml&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;, xml_declaration=True)  <\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06XML\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a&#39;utf-8&#39;\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u5199\u5165XML\u58f0\u660e\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u516d\u3001\u4f7f\u7528lxml\u5e93\u5904\u7406XML  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>lxml\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684XML\u5904\u7406\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0eElementTree\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4f46\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002lxml\u652f\u6301XPath\u3001XSLT\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684XML\u6587\u6863\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5lxml\u5e93<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>lxml\u5e93\u4e0d\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7pip\u5b89\u88c5\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install lxml  <\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528lxml\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528lxml\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0eElementTree\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528lxml\u7684etree\u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7dXML\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u89e3\u6790\u4e3aElementTree\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from lxml import etree  <\/p>\n<p>tree = etree.parse(&#39;example.xml&#39;)  <\/p>\n<p>root = tree.getroot()  <\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528XPath\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>lxml\u652f\u6301XPath\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u67e5\u627eXML\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002XPath\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5728XML\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">results = root.xpath(&#39;\/\/element_tag&#39;)  <\/p>\n<p>for element in results:  <\/p>\n<p>    print(element.tag, element.attrib)  <\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528XPath\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u6807\u7b7e\u540d\u4e3a&#39;element_tag&#39;\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u5176\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e03\u3001\u4f7f\u7528minidom\u5e93\u5904\u7406XML  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>minidom\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2aXML\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9XML\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002minidom\u4f7f\u7528DOM\uff08\u6587\u6863\u5bf9\u8c61\u6a21\u578b\uff09\u6765\u8868\u793aXML\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684XML\u6570\u636e\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528minidom\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u8981\u4f7f\u7528minidom\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165xml.dom.minidom\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528parse\u65b9\u6cd5\u52a0\u8f7dXML\u6587\u4ef6\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from xml.dom import minidom  <\/p>\n<p>doc = minidom.parse(&#39;example.xml&#39;)  <\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u5143\u7d20<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>minidom\u901a\u8fc7DOM\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539XML\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528getElementsByTagName\u65b9\u6cd5\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7setAttribute\u548cappendChild\u65b9\u6cd5\u4fee\u6539\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u5b50\u5143\u7d20\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">elements = doc.getElementsByTagName(&#39;element_tag&#39;)  <\/p>\n<p>for element in elements:  <\/p>\n<p>    element.setAttribute(&#39;new_attribute&#39;, &#39;value&#39;)  <\/p>\n<p>    new_child = doc.createElement(&#39;new_child&#39;)  <\/p>\n<p>    element.appendChild(new_child)  <\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u5c06XML\u6587\u6863\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u8981\u5c06\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684XML\u6587\u6863\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528minidom\u7684toxml\u65b9\u6cd5\u751f\u6210XML\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">with open(&#39;new_example.xml&#39;, &#39;w&#39;) as file:  <\/p>\n<p>    file.write(doc.toxml())  <\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u516b\u3001\u603b\u7ed3  <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u5e93\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5904\u7406XML\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u62ecElementTree\u3001lxml\u548cminidom\u3002<strong>ElementTree\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u5c0f\u578b\u5230\u4e2d\u578b\u7684XML\u6570\u636e\u3002lxml\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u652f\u6301XPath\u3001XSLT\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684XML\u6587\u6863\u3002minidom\u4f7f\u7528DOM\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684XML\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5b8c\u6210XML\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u5e93\u6765\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f<code>xml.etree.ElementTree<\/code>\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e93\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u52a0\u8f7dXML\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u904d\u5386\u5176\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>ElementTree.parse()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u52a0\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>.find()<\/code>\u548c<code>.findall()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u89e3\u6790\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u6216\u4fe1\u606f\u63d0\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Python\u4e2d\u5199\u5165XML\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728\u7f16\u5199XML\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u9075\u5faaXML\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u8bed\u6cd5\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>xml.etree.ElementTree<\/code>\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684XML\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528<code>.append()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5b50\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7236\u5143\u7d20\u4e0b\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u6784\u5efa\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>.write()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5185\u5bb9\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5e26\u6709\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684XML\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5904\u7406\u5e26\u6709\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684XML\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u5199\u5165\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u590d\u6742\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>xml.etree.ElementTree<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b57\u5178\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728<code>.find()<\/code>\u6216<code>.findall()<\/code>\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u524d\u7f00\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u5e26\u6709\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u5199\u5165\u65f6\u4e5f\u8003\u8651\u5230\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5f00\u5934\u6bb5\u843d\uff1aPython\u8bfb\u5199XML\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528ElementTree\u3001lxml\u3001minidom\u7b49\u5e93\u3002Ele [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":929659,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/929649"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=929649"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/929649\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":929660,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/929649\/revisions\/929660"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/929659"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=929649"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=929649"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=929649"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}