{"id":940447,"date":"2024-12-26T21:00:13","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T13:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/940447.html"},"modified":"2024-12-26T21:00:14","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T13:00:14","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%9c%8bpackage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/940447.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u770bpackage"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25075059\/2c587c6c-984d-4457-9f5e-581bfd1160fa.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u770bpackage\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> \u5728Python\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684package\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<strong>\u4f7f\u7528pip\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u4f7f\u7528conda\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u901a\u8fc7Python\u811a\u672c\u67e5\u770b<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u4f7f\u7528pip\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\u662f\u6700\u4e3a\u5e38\u7528\u548c\u7b80\u4fbf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u6216\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c<code>pip list<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6240\u6709Python package\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u663e\u793apackage\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528PIP\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0cpip\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5220\u9664Python package\u3002\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0cpip\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fbf\u6377\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684package\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1. \u4f7f\u7528<code>pip list<\/code><\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528<code>pip list<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524dPython\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684package\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u663e\u793apackage\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip list<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9664\u4e86<code>pip list<\/code>\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>pip freeze<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u4e8erequirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u7a0d\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6837\u5305\u542bpackage\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2. \u4f7f\u7528<code>pip show<\/code><\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9apackage\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>pip show<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5173\u4e8epackage\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip show package_name<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528CONDA\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fAnaconda\u6216Miniconda\u6765\u7ba1\u7406Python\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528conda\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684package\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1. \u4f7f\u7528<code>conda list<\/code><\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728conda\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>conda list<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684package\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7248\u672c\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u6e20\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">conda list<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0e<code>pip list<\/code>\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u8fd8\u4f1a\u663e\u793apackage\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u6e20\u9053\uff08\u5982\u9ed8\u8ba4\u3001conda-forge\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u901a\u8fc7Python\u811a\u672c\u67e5\u770b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5e0c\u671b\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5package\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Python\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1. \u4f7f\u7528<code>pkg_resources<\/code><\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>pkg_resources<\/code>\u662fsetuptools\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5package\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528<code>pkg_resources<\/code>\u6765\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684package\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import pkg_resources<\/p>\n<p>installed_packages = pkg_resources.working_set<\/p>\n<p>installed_packages_list = sorted([&quot;%s==%s&quot; % (i.key, i.version) for i in installed_packages])<\/p>\n<p>print(installed_packages_list)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2. \u4f7f\u7528<code>importlib.metadata<\/code>\uff08Python 3.8+\uff09<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4ecePython 3.8\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4e86<code>importlib.metadata<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u53d6package\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import importlib.metadata<\/p>\n<p>installed_packages = importlib.metadata.distributions()<\/p>\n<p>for package in installed_packages:<\/p>\n<p>    print(package.metadata[&quot;Name&quot;], package.version)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<code>pip<\/code>\u3001<code>conda<\/code>\u8fd8\u662fPython\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684package\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406Python package\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u66f4\u65b0package<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7<code>pip list --outdated<\/code>\u6216<code>conda update --all<\/code>\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u7684package\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong>\uff1a\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4f7f\u7528venv\u3001virtualenv\u8fd8\u662fconda\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514dpackage\u7248\u672c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>pip freeze &gt; requirements.txt<\/code>\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u91cd\u5efa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406Python package\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684Python\u5305\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684Python\u5305\u3002\u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\u6216\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip list\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\u53ca\u5176\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>pip freeze<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u9002\u5408\u4e8erequirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u627e\u7279\u5b9aPython\u5305\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u5305\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u7248\u672c\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip show \u5305\u540d\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u67e5\u770bnumpy\u5305\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165<code>pip show numpy<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u8be5\u5305\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<code>import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u4f7f\u7528numpy\u5305\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u6dfb\u52a0\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import numpy as np\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>np<\/code>\u4f5c\u4e3anumpy\u7684\u522b\u540d\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u8be5\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684package\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528pip\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u4f7f\u7528conda\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u901a\u8fc7Pyt [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":940448,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/940447"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=940447"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/940447\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":940449,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/940447\/revisions\/940449"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/940448"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=940447"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=940447"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=940447"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}