{"id":951700,"date":"2024-12-27T01:09:35","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T17:09:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/951700.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T01:09:38","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T17:09:38","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9a%82%e5%81%9cwebdriver","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/951700.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u6682\u505cwebdriver"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u6682\u505cwebdriver\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528time.sleep()<\/code>\u3001WebDriverWAI<\/a>t<\/code>\u3001\u4ee5\u53caimplicitly_wait()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6682\u505cWebDriver\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0ctime.sleep()<\/code>\u662f\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6682\u505c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff1bWebDriverWait<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u73b0\u6216\u67d0\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1b\u800cimplicitly_wait()<\/code>\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5728\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528WebDriverWait<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u4e3a\u7075\u6d3b\u4e14\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e0etime.sleep()<\/code>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cWebDriverWait<\/code>\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u6765\u6682\u505c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u7eaf\u5730\u7b49\u5f85\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f55\u65f6\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u65f6\u5c24\u5176\u6709\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662fWebDriverWait<\/code>\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001WebDriverWait<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

WebDriverWait<\/code>\u662fSelenium\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6216\u9875\u9762\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5bfc\u5165\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528WebDriverWait<\/code>\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5bfc\u5165\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By<\/p>\n
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait<\/p>\n
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u5316WebDriverWait<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
WebDriverWait<\/code>\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u662fWebDriver\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u4ee5\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2aWebDriverWait<\/code>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cdriver<\/code>\u662fWebDriver\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c10<\/code>\u662f\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u6700\u5927\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6761\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u6ee1\u8db3\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u629b\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2aTimeoutException<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u4f7f\u7528expected_conditions<\/code><\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
expected_conditions<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6761\u4ef6\u7528\u4e8e\u7b49\u5f85\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • presence_of_element_located<\/code>: \u7b49\u5f85\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u51fa\u73b0\u5728DOM\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n
  • visibility_of_element_located<\/code>: \u7b49\u5f85\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u89c1\u3002<\/li>\n
  • element_to_be_clickable<\/code>: \u7b49\u5f85\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u70b9\u51fb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u7b49\u5f85\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u89c1\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    element = wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, 'myElement')))<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u4f1a\u6682\u505cWebDriver\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230ID\u4e3amyElement<\/code>\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001time.sleep()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    time.sleep()<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6682\u505c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u79d2\u6570\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    1\u3001\u5bfc\u5165time<\/code>\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    import time<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528time.sleep()<\/code><\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7time.sleep()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6682\u505c\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(5)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u4f1a\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6682\u505c\u6267\u884c5\u79d2\u949f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e09\u3001implicitly_wait()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    implicitly_wait()<\/code>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\uff0cWebDriver\u5728\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u4f1a\u7b49\u5f85\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528implicitly_wait()<\/code><\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528implicitly_wait()<\/code>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    driver.implicitly_wait(10)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u4f1a\u8ba9WebDriver\u5728\u67e5\u627e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u6700\u591a\u7b49\u5f8510\u79d2\u949f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u4f7f\u7528Python\u4e2d\u7684Selenium WebDriver\u65f6\uff0c\u6682\u505cWebDriver\u7684\u6267\u884c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002WebDriverWait<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u573a\u666f<\/strong>\u3002\u867d\u7136time.sleep()<\/code>\u548cimplicitly_wait()<\/code>\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46WebDriverWait<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u9ad8\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6216\u7f51\u9875\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528WebDriver\u6682\u505c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u811a\u672c\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728Python\u7684Selenium WebDriver\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528time.sleep()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6682\u505c\u811a\u672c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u6682\u505c5\u79d2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165time.sleep(5)<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7559\u51fa\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u6682\u505cWebDriver\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u9875\u9762\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728\u6682\u505c\u671f\u95f4\uff0cWebDriver\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9875\u9762\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u6682\u505c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b49\u5f85\u67d0\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u5143\u7d20\u52a0\u8f7d\uff09\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u540e\u7eed\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u9875\u9762\u72b6\u6001\u52a8\u6001\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528WebDriver\u7684\u663e\u5f0f\u7b49\u5f85\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528WebDriver\u6682\u505c\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u6062\u590d\u811a\u672c\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u4e00\u65e6\u6682\u505c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5230\u8fbe\uff0cWebDriver\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6682\u505c\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u8fdb\u884c\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u70b9\u51fb\u64cd\u4f5c\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u6062\u590d\u6267\u884c\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6682\u505c\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u9875\u9762\u72b6\u6001\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ee1\u8db3\u60a8\u540e\u7eed\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528time.sleep()\u3001WebDriverWAIt\u3001\u4ee5\u53caimplicitly_ […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":951703,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/951700"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=951700"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/951700\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":951705,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/951700\/revisions\/951705"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/951703"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=951700"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=951700"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=951700"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}