{"id":963725,"date":"2024-12-27T04:21:18","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T20:21:18","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-12-27T04:21:20","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T20:21:20","slug":"python%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%8e%b7%e5%8f%96%e9%94%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/963725.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5b57\u5178\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u952e"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5b57\u5178\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\"<\/p>\n

Python\u5b57\u5178\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u901a\u8fc7for\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8f7b\u677e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528keys()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5keys()<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u5217\u8868\u4e00\u6837\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}<\/p>\n
keys = my_dict.keys()<\/p>\n
print(keys)  # \u8f93\u51fa: dict_keys(['a', 'b', 'c'])<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u5c06\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528list()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
keys_list = list(my_dict.keys())<\/p>\n
print(keys_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa: ['a', 'b', 'c']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u901a\u8fc7for\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u952e\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7for<\/code>\u5faa\u73af\u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u5b57\u5178\u5728\u8fed\u4ee3\u65f6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u952e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u6d01\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}<\/p>\n
for key in my_dict:<\/p>\n
    print(key)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u521b\u5efa\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5217\u8868\u6216\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528items()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8ekeys()<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709values()<\/code>\u548citems()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • values()<\/code>\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n
  • items()<\/code>\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u5bf9\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8keys()<\/code>\u89c6\u56fe\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    keys_set = set(my_dict.keys())  # \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u96c6\u5408<\/p>\n
    print(keys_set)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'a', 'b', 'c'}<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u53bb\u91cd\u3001\u96c6\u5408\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b49\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u56db\u3001\u5229\u7528\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u4e5f\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u952e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u952e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6216\u8f6c\u6362\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}<\/p>\n
    keys_upper = [key.upper() for key in my_dict]<\/p>\n
    print(keys_upper)  # \u8f93\u51fa: ['A', 'B', 'C']<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u6216\u6761\u4ef6\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u5c01\u88c5\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u529f\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u590d\u7528\u6027\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u952e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    def get_keys(my_dict):<\/p>\n
        return list(my_dict.keys())<\/p>\n
    keys = get_keys({'x': 10, 'y': 20, 'z': 30})<\/p>\n
    print(keys)  # \u8f93\u51fa: ['x', 'y', 'z']<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u5177\u6a21\u5757\u5316\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u516d\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u952e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e38\u5e38\u7ed3\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u5178\u65b9\u6cd5\u548cPython\u7279\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u5408\u5e76\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u5728\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u5e76\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u96c6\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      dict1 = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}<\/p>\n
      dict2 = {'b': 3, 'c': 4}<\/p>\n
      all_keys = set(dict1.keys()).union(dict2.keys())<\/p>\n
      print(all_keys)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'a', 'b', 'c'}<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u68c0\u67e5\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u5728\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u4e2a\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528in<\/code>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}<\/p>\n
        key_to_check = 'b'<\/p>\n
        if key_to_check in my_dict:<\/p>\n
            print(f"Key '{key_to_check}' exists in the dictionary.")<\/p>\n
        else:<\/p>\n
            print(f"Key '{key_to_check}' does not exist in the dictionary.")<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u96c6\u5408\u6216in<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u952e\u7684\u5408\u5e76\u548c\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4e03\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u662f\u5b57\u5178\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u901a\u8fc7keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u8fed\u4ee3\u3001\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u719f\u7ec3\u638c\u63e1\u5b57\u5178\u952e\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u5960\u5b9a\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
         \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u952e\uff1f<\/strong>
        \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528dict.keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u952e\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1akeys_list = list(my_dict.keys())<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u80fd\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u952e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5728Python\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u952e\u7684\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f<\/strong>
        \u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7279\u5b9a\u952e\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528my_dict[key]<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u952e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u8be5\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528dict.get(key, default)<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86KeyError\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u67e5Python\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u952e\uff1f<\/strong>
        \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528in<\/code>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u4e2a\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cif key in my_dict:<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u952e\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u5b57\u5178\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528keys()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u901a\u8fc7for\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":963730,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963725"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=963725"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963725\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":963731,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963725\/revisions\/963731"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/963730"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=963725"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=963725"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=963725"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}