{"id":963904,"date":"2024-12-27T04:23:09","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T20:23:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/963904.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T04:23:11","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T20:23:11","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8python%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5sql","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/963904.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528python\u8fde\u63a5sql"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/24181001\/ca4c0dcf-8c03-4b36-8144-804d2b552067.webp\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528python\u8fde\u63a5sql\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fde\u63a5SQL\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5982PyMySQL\u3001SQLAlchemy\u3001sqlite3\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cPyMySQL\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u652f\u6301MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528PyMySQL\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u5e93\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3b\u673a\u3001\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d\u79f0\u7b49\u8fde\u63a5\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528PyMySQL\u8fde\u63a5\u5230SQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fde\u63a5SQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5PyMySQL\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5PyMySQL\u5e93<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528PyMySQL\u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7Python\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177pip\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install PyMySQL<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5b89\u88c5\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165PyMySQL\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u5bfc\u5165PyMySQL\u5e93<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165PyMySQL\u5e93\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5bfc\u5165PyMySQL\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import pymysql<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5e93\u540e\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u8fde\u63a5\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0eSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3001\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d\u79f0\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">db_config = {<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;host&quot;: &quot;localhost&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;user&quot;: &quot;your_username&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;password&quot;: &quot;your_password&quot;,<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;database&quot;: &quot;your_database&quot;<\/p>\n<p>}<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5\u53c2\u6570\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pymysql.connect()\u65b9\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">connection = pymysql.connect(<\/p>\n<p>    host=db_config[&quot;host&quot;],<\/p>\n<p>    user=db_config[&quot;user&quot;],<\/p>\n<p>    password=db_config[&quot;password&quot;],<\/p>\n<p>    database=db_config[&quot;database&quot;]<\/p>\n<p>)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684cursor()\u65b9\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">cursor = connection.cursor()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684execute()\u65b9\u6cd5\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684SELECT\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">query = &quot;SELECT * FROM your_table_name&quot;<\/p>\n<p>cursor.execute(query)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u83b7\u53d6\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684fetchall()\u6216fetchone()\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">results = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n<p>for row in results:<\/p>\n<p>    print(row)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u5e94\u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684close()\u65b9\u6cd5\u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">cursor.close()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684close()\u65b9\u6cd5\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">connection.close()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e94\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25\u6216SQL\u67e5\u8be2\u51fa\u9519\u7b49\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u6267\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528try-except\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">try:<\/p>\n<p>    connection = pymysql.connect(db_config)<\/p>\n<p>    cursor = connection.cursor()<\/p>\n<p>    cursor.execute(query)<\/p>\n<p>    results = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n<p>except pymysql.MySQLError as e:<\/p>\n<p>    print(f&quot;Error: {e}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>finally:<\/p>\n<p>    cursor.close()<\/p>\n<p>    connection.close()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u5982DBUtils\u6216SQLAlchemy\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fde\u63a5SQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u4ed6\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u8fde\u63a5SQL\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5e93\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8fde\u63a5SQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u5e93\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eMySQL\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>mysql-connector-python<\/code>\u6216<code>PyMySQL<\/code>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8ePostgreSQL\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>psycopg2<\/code>\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip\u547d\u4ee4\u8f7b\u677e\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u5e93\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code>pip install mysql-connector-python\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8fde\u63a5SQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u8fde\u63a5\u9519\u8bef\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728\u8fde\u63a5SQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u8fde\u63a5\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5982\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>try-except<\/code>\u7ed3\u6784\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import mysql.connector\n\ntry:\n    connection = mysql.connector.connect(\n        host=&#39;localhost&#39;,\n        user=&#39;yourusername&#39;,\n        password=&#39;yourpassword&#39;,\n        database=&#39;yourdatabase&#39;\n    )\nexcept mysql.connector.Error as err:\n    print(f&quot;Error: {err}&quot;)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u4e00\u65e6\u6210\u529f\u8fde\u63a5\u5230SQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">cursor = connection.cursor()\ncursor.execute(&quot;SELECT * FROM your_table&quot;)\nresults = cursor.fetchall()\n\nfor row in results:\n    print(row)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7<code>fetchall()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u679c\u884c\uff0c<code>fetchone()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5219\u7528\u4e8e\u9010\u884c\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fde\u63a5SQL\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5982PyMySQL\u3001SQLAlchemy\u3001sqlite3 [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":963906,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963904"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=963904"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963904\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":963907,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963904\/revisions\/963907"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/963906"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=963904"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=963904"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=963904"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}