{"id":969582,"date":"2024-12-27T05:18:17","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T21:18:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/969582.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T05:18:20","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T21:18:20","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%af%bc%e5%85%a5%e6%96%b0%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/969582.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u5165\u65b0\u9879\u76ee"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u5165\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\"<\/p>\n

\u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\u3001\u5bfc\u5165\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u5305\u3002<\/strong> \u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u9694\u79bb\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\uff1b\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u5b8c\u6574\uff1b\u5bfc\u5165\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u5305\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u9879\u76ee\u6240\u9700\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u5e93\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u662f\u7ba1\u7406Python\u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4f7f\u5f97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u90fd\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u7248\u672c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002Python\u81ea\u5e26\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3avenv<\/code>\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u5b89\u88c5\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5virtualenv<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    pip install virtualenv<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u4f60\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    python -m venv env<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8fd9\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aenv<\/code>\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u8be5\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730\u5b89\u88c5\u7684Python\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Windows\u4e0a\uff0c\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    .\\env\\Scripts\\activate<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Unix\u6216MacOS\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    source env\/bin\/activate<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u6fc0\u6d3b\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u9879\u76ee\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5916\u90e8\u5e93\u548c\u5305\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728requirements.txt<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u9879\u76ee\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u521b\u5efarequirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2arequirements.txt<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u9879\u76ee\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5305\u53ca\u5176\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      numpy==1.21.0<\/p>\n
      pandas==1.3.0<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      pip install -r requirements.txt<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u8fd9\u5c06\u6839\u636erequirements.txt<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u6709\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u5bfc\u5165\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u5305<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e00\u65e6\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u5bfc\u5165\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        my_project\/<\/p>\n
            \u251c\u2500\u2500 mAI<\/a>n.py<\/p>\n
            \u251c\u2500\u2500 module1.py<\/p>\n
            \u251c\u2500\u2500 module2\/<\/p>\n
            \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 __init__.py<\/p>\n
            \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 submodule.py<\/p>\n
            \u2514\u2500\u2500 requirements.txt<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        __init__.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4f7f\u5f97Python\u5c06\u5176\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u5305\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7a7a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      2. \n
        \u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u5305<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u4f60\u7684Python\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u5305\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        import module1<\/p>\n
        from module2 import submodule<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u8fd9\u5c06\u5bfc\u5165module1<\/code>\u548cmodule2<\/code>\u5305\u4e2d\u7684submodule<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u56db\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4f7f\u7528\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982Git\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u8ddf\u8e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u534f\u4f5c\u5f00\u53d1\u4ee5\u53ca\u56de\u6eda\u5230\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \n
          \u521d\u59cb\u5316Git\u4ed3\u5e93<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521d\u59cb\u5316Git\u4ed3\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          git init<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        2. \n
          \u521b\u5efa.gitignore\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a.gitignore<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          env\/<\/p>\n
          __pycache__\/<\/p>\n
          *.pyc<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        3. \n
          \u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u9879\u76ee\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4ea4\u5230Git\u4ed3\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          git add .<\/p>\n
          git commit -m "Initial commit"<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u4e94\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u9879\u76ee<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \n
            \u7f16\u5199\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684unittest<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u7f16\u5199\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u6309\u7167\u9884\u671f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u53d1\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            import unittest<\/p>\n
            from module1 import function_to_test<\/p>\n
            class TestFunction(unittest.TestCase):<\/p>\n
                def test_case1(self):<\/p>\n
                    self.assertEqual(function_to_test(input1), expected_output1)<\/p>\n
            if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
                unittest.main()<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
          2. \n
            \u8c03\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684pdb<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u8c03\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65ad\u70b9\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u516d\u3001\u6587\u6863\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u91ca<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u826f\u597d\u7684\u6587\u6863\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u91ca\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u9ad8\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u4ed6\u4eba\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \n
              \u7f16\u5199\u6587\u6863<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u4f7f\u7528Markdown\u6216reStructuredText\u7f16\u5199\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7528\u9014\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u6b65\u9aa4\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002\u5c06\u6587\u6863\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728README.md<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
            2. \n
              \u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u91ca<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u590d\u6742\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5176\u4ed6\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u4e03\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u90e8\u7f72<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u5728\u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\uff08CI\/CD<\/a>\uff09\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \n
                \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \u4f7f\u7528CI\u5de5\u5177\u5982Travis CI\u3001Jenkins\u6216GitHub Actions\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u6784\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u7f16\u5199CI\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
              2. \n
                \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \u914d\u7f6e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6216\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982Docker\u3001Kubernetes\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u5bfc\u5165\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\uff1f<\/strong>
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