{"id":984529,"date":"2024-12-27T07:29:01","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T23:29:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/984529.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T07:29:06","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T23:29:06","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%af%b9%e4%b8%b2%e5%8f%a3%e8%ae%bf%e9%97%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/984529.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u4e32\u53e3\u8bbf\u95ee"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u4e32\u53e3\u8bbf\u95ee\"<\/p>\n

Python\u5bf9\u4e32\u53e3\u8bbf\u95ee\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528pySerial<\/code>\u5e93\u5b9e\u73b0\u3001pySerial<\/code>\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u7528\u4e8e\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pySerial<\/code>\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u4e32\u53e3\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cpySerial<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528pySerial<\/code>\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u4e32\u53e3\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528pySerial<\/code>\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u8be5\u5e93\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u60a8\u7684Python\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install pyserial<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165serial<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u6253\u5f00\u4e32\u53e3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u6253\u5f00\u4e32\u53e3\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6253\u5f00\u4e32\u53e3\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import serial<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u4e32\u53e3\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
ser = serial.Serial('COM3', 9600, timeout=1)<\/p>\n
\u68c0\u67e5\u4e32\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u6253\u5f00<\/strong><\/h2>\n
if ser.is_open:<\/p>\n
    print("\u4e32\u53e3\u5df2\u6253\u5f00")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528serial.Serial()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e32\u53e3\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dCOM3<\/code>\u662f\u4e32\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c9600<\/code>\u662f\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\uff0ctimeout=1<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a1\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4e32\u53e3\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u53c2\u6570\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5982\u6570\u636e\u4f4d\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u3001\u6821\u9a8c\u4f4d\u7b49\u3002pySerial<\/code>\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
ser.bytesize = serial.EIGHTBITS     # \u6570\u636e\u4f4d: 8\u4f4d<\/p>\n
ser.parity = serial.PARITY_NONE     # \u65e0\u6821\u9a8c<\/p>\n
ser.stopbits = serial.STOPBITS_ONE  # \u505c\u6b62\u4f4d: 1\u4f4d<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u8981\u6c42\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u4e32\u53e3\u6253\u5f00\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5411\u4e32\u53e3\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
data_to_send = 'Hello, Serial Port!'<\/p>\n
ser.write(data_to_send.encode('utf-8'))<\/p>\n
print("\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u53d1\u9001")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6570\u636e\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\uff08\u5982UTF-8<\/code>\u7f16\u7801\uff09\u624d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u4e32\u53e3\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4ece\u4e32\u53e3\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
data_received = ser.readline().decode('utf-8').strip()<\/p>\n
print(f"\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e: {data_received}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0creadline()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u884c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u7801\u6210\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e76\u53bb\u9664\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u5173\u95ed\u4e32\u53e3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5982\u4e32\u53e3\u65e0\u6cd5\u6253\u5f00\u3001\u8bfb\u5199\u8d85\u65f6\u7b49\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u786e\u4fdd\u4e32\u53e3\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u5173\u95ed\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    # \u8fdb\u884c\u4e32\u53e3\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
    ser.write(data_to_send.encode('utf-8'))<\/p>\n
    data_received = ser.readline().decode('utf-8').strip()<\/p>\n
except serial.SerialException as e:<\/p>\n
    print(f"\u4e32\u53e3\u5f02\u5e38: {e}")<\/p>\n
finally:<\/p>\n
    # \u5173\u95ed\u4e32\u53e3<\/p>\n
    if ser.is_open:<\/p>\n
        ser.close()<\/p>\n
    print("\u4e32\u53e3\u5df2\u5173\u95ed")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u6280\u5de7\u4e0e\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    \u4e32\u53e3\u5360\u7528\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e32\u53e3\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5360\u7528\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u6253\u5f00\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5173\u95ed\u5360\u7528\u8be5\u4e32\u53e3\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u672a\u88ab\u5360\u7528\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u5339\u914d<\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u4e0e\u901a\u4fe1\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e32\u53e3\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982SSCOM\uff09\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    \u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/strong>\uff1apySerial<\/code>\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5305\u62ecWindows\u3001Linux\u548cMacOS\u3002\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e32\u53e3\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff08\u5982Windows\u4e0a\u4e3aCOM3<\/code>\uff0c\u800cLinux\u4e0a\u4e3a\/dev\/ttyUSB0<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u4e32\u53e3\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u8c03\u6574\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e32\u53e3\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e32\u53e3\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pyserial<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u884cpip install pyserial<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u8fde\u63a5\u4e32\u53e3\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u540d\u79f0\uff08\u5982COM3<\/code>\u6216\/dev\/ttyUSB0<\/code>\uff09\u3001\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\uff08\u59829600\uff09\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4f4d\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u548c\u6821\u9a8c\u4f4d\u7b49\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
    import serial\n\nser = serial.Serial('COM3', 9600, timeout=1)  # \u66f4\u6539\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e32\u53e3\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u8bfb\u53d6\u4e32\u53e3\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528read()<\/code>\u6216readline()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528read()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\uff0c\u800creadline()<\/code>\u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u76f4\u5230\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
    data = ser.readline()  # \u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u884c\u6570\u636e\nprint(data.decode('utf-8'))  # \u89e3\u7801\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u8d85\u65f6\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u6216\u6570\u636e\u635f\u574f\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528try-except<\/code>\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
    try:\n    ser.open()  # \u5c1d\u8bd5\u6253\u5f00\u4e32\u53e3\nexcept serial.SerialException as e:\n    print(f"\u4e32\u53e3\u9519\u8bef\uff1a{e}")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u4e32\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u5bf9\u4e32\u53e3\u8bbf\u95ee\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528pySerial\u5e93\u5b9e\u73b0\u3001pySerial\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u7528\u4e8e\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u3001 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":984542,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/984529"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=984529"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/984529\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":984545,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/984529\/revisions\/984545"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/984542"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=984529"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=984529"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=984529"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}