{"id":988888,"date":"2024-12-27T08:06:17","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T00:06:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/988888.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T08:06:19","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T00:06:19","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e9%9a%8f%e6%9c%ba%e5%8f%96%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/988888.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u968f\u673a\u53d6\u5217\u8868"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25064331\/4e4d7607-b0fd-4d82-acd7-c902a35bb74c.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u968f\u673a\u53d6\u5217\u8868\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528random\u6a21\u5757\u7684choice()\u51fd\u6570\u3001sample()\u51fd\u6570\u3001randint()\u51fd\u6570\u7b49\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528random.choice()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002random.sample()\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5728\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u9009\u62e9\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002random.shuffle()\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/strong>\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528random.choice()\u51fd\u6570\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002random.choice()\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5feb\u901f\u62bd\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165random\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528choice()\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u4f20\u5165\u5217\u8868\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528random\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Python\u7684random\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u968f\u673a\u6570\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>RANDOM.CHOICE()\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>random.choice()\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u5355\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9choice()\u51fd\u6570\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import random<\/p>\n<p>my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n<p>random_element = random.choice(my_list)<\/p>\n<p>print(f&quot;\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u662f\uff1a{random_element}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0crandom.choice()\u4ece\u5217\u8868my_list\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u5728random_element\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>RANDOM.SAMPLE()\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>random.sample()\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b50\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4e0erandom.choice()\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0crandom.sample()\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import random<\/p>\n<p>my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n<p>random_elements = random.sample(my_list, 2)<\/p>\n<p>print(f&quot;\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u662f\uff1a{random_elements}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0crandom.sample()\u4ecemy_list\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u4e862\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>RANDOM.RANDINT()\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>random.randint()\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u5217\u8868\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import random<\/p>\n<p>my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n<p>random_index = random.randint(0, len(my_list) - 1)<\/p>\n<p>random_element = my_list[random_index]<\/p>\n<p>print(f&quot;\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u662f\uff1a{random_element}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0crandom.randint()\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57280\u5230\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u51cf1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>RANDOM.SHUFFLE()\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>random.shuffle()\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6539\u53d8\u5217\u8868\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import random<\/p>\n<p>my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n<p>random.shuffle(my_list)<\/p>\n<p>print(f&quot;\u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u540e\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff1a{my_list}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0crandom.shuffle()\u5bf9my_list\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6d17\u724c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u62bd\u5956\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u62bd\u5956\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u83b7\u5956\u8005\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528random.choice()\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u968f\u673a\u9898\u76ee\u9009\u62e9<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5728\u7ebf\u8003\u8bd5\u6216\u6d4b\u9a8c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u9898\u76ee\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528random.sample()\u4ece\u9898\u5e93\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u9898\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6a21\u62df\u968f\u673a\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6a21\u62df\u548c\u6e38\u620f\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u62df\u968f\u673a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6216\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002random.randint()\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u751f\u6210\u968f\u673a\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528random.choice()\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u591a\u6b21\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528random.sample()\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u968f\u673a\u79cd\u5b50<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>random\u6a21\u5757\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u968f\u673a\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6570\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528random.seed()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u968f\u673a\u79cd\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import random<\/p>\n<p>random.seed(42)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6027\u80fd\u8003\u8651<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7279\u522b\u5927\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528random.choice()\u548crandom.sample()\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u968f\u673a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6a21\u62df\uff0crandom\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>random.sample()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u968f\u673a\u9009\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>random.sample(my_list, k)<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece<code>my_list<\/code>\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9<code>k<\/code>\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u5217\u8868\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1<code>ValueError<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Python\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u9664\u4e86<code>random.choice()<\/code>\u548c<code>random.sample()<\/code>\uff0cPython\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b<code>random.shuffle()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u673a\u6253\u4e71\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u573a\u666f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c<code>random.randint()<\/code>\u548c<code>random.uniform()<\/code>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd\u5728Python\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u4f7f\u7528<code>random.sample()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u591a\u6b21\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528<code>random.sample()<\/code>\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u539f\u59cb\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u624b\u52a8\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5df2\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u540e\u7eed\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528random\u6a21\u5757\u7684choice()\u51fd\u6570\u3001sample( 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