{"id":991203,"date":"2024-12-27T08:26:37","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T00:26:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/991203.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T08:26:39","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T00:26:39","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8bmysql%e8%ae%b0%e5%bd%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/991203.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770bmysql\u8bb0\u5f55"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770bmysql\u8bb0\u5f55\"<\/p>\n

\u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u67e5\u770bMySQL\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u8fde\u63a5\u5668\u5e93\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u5904\u7406\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceMySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u68c0\u7d22\u5e76\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86MySQL\u8fde\u63a5\u5668\u5e93\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e93\u662fmysql-connector-python<\/code>\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install mysql-connector-python<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u8be5\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import mysql.connector<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u4e0eMySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3001\u7528\u6237\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
conn = mysql.connector.connect(<\/p>\n
    host="localhost",<\/p>\n
    user="yourusername",<\/p>\n
    password="yourpassword",<\/p>\n
    database="yourdatabase"<\/p>\n
)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u66ff\u6362yourusername<\/code>\u3001yourpassword<\/code>\u548cyourdatabase<\/code>\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c06\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u67e5\u770bMySQL\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2aSELECT\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u60a8\u60f3\u4ece\u540d\u4e3aemployees<\/code>\u7684\u8868\u4e2d\u68c0\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM employees")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5904\u7406\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684fetchall()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
records = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n
for record in records:<\/p>\n
    print(record)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
fetchall()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u679c\u884c\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u904d\u5386\u6b64\u5217\u8868\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6bcf\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528try-except\u5757\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    conn = mysql.connector.connect(<\/p>\n
        host="localhost",<\/p>\n
        user="yourusername",<\/p>\n
        password="yourpassword",<\/p>\n
        database="yourdatabase"<\/p>\n
    )<\/p>\n
    cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM employees")<\/p>\n
    records = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n
    for record in records:<\/p>\n
        print(record)<\/p>\n
except mysql.connector.Error as err:<\/p>\n
    print(f"Error: {err}")<\/p>\n
finally:<\/p>\n
    if conn.is_connected():<\/p>\n
        cursor.close()<\/p>\n
        conn.close()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b8c\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u52a1\u5fc5\u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
cursor.close()<\/p>\n
conn.close()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f18\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    \u9650\u5236\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528LIMIT\u5b50\u53e5\u9650\u5236\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u884c\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM employees LIMIT 10")<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u9009\u62e9\u7279\u5b9a\u5217<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ec5\u9009\u62e9\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5217\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    cursor.execute("SELECT id, name FROM employees")<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5217\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u5feb\u68c0\u7d22\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e5d\u3001\u4f7f\u7528ORM\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u9664\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u8fde\u63a5\u5668\uff0c\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ORM\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\u5173\u7cfb\u6620\u5c04\uff09\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982SQLAlchemy\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002SQLAlchemy\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from sqlalchemy import create_engine<\/p>\n
    from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker<\/p>\n
    engine = create_engine('mysql+mysqlconnector:\/\/yourusername:yourpassword@localhost\/yourdatabase')<\/p>\n
    Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)<\/p>\n
    session = Session()<\/p>\n
    Assuming you have a mapped class Employee<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    employees = session.query(Employee).all()<\/p>\n
    for employee in employees:<\/p>\n
        print(employee.name, employee.position)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5341\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7Python\u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u67e5\u770b\u8bb0\u5f55\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4ece\u5b89\u88c5\u5e93\u5230\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u719f\u7ec3\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u548c\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6700\u4f73\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002Python\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e93\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u53d8\u5f97\u7b80\u5355\u800c\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u67e5\u770bMySQL\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982mysql-connector-python<\/code>\u6216PyMySQL<\/code>\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u5e93\u5e76\u5bfc\u5165\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528connect<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528fetchall()<\/code>\u6216fetchone()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528Python\u67e5\u770bMySQL\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728\u4f7f\u7528Python\u67e5\u770bMySQL\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25\u3001SQL\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u7b49\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u53c2\u6570\u6b63\u786e\uff0cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u683c\u5f0f\u65e0\u8bef\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u5177\u6709\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u4f55\u4f18\u5316Python\u67e5\u770bMySQL\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u5728Python\u4e2d\u67e5\u770bMySQL\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u52a0\u5feb\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u6765\u590d\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u67e5\u770bMySQL\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u8fde\u63a5\u5668\u5e93\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u5904\u7406\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":991209,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/991203"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=991203"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/991203\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":991211,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/991203\/revisions\/991211"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/991209"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=991203"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=991203"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=991203"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}