{"id":99151,"date":"2024-04-12T11:33:01","date_gmt":"2024-04-12T03:33:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/99151.html"},"modified":"2024-04-12T11:33:02","modified_gmt":"2024-04-12T03:33:02","slug":"%e5%9c%a8blazor%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e4%b8%ad%e8%b0%83%e7%94%a8web-api","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/99151.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5728Blazor\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528Web API"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/02154206\/63d10bba-610d-488c-8391-4e748ca7d02e.webp\" alt=\"\u5728Blazor\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528Web API\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728Blazor\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528Web API\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528<strong>HttpClient<\/strong>\u670d\u52a1\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c<strong>Blazor WebAssembly<\/strong>\u5e94\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001<strong>Blazor Server<\/strong>\u5e94\u7528\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4ee3\u7406\u6267\u884cHTTP\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u542b\u914d\u7f6eHttpClient\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u83b7\u53d6HttpClient\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3001\u6784\u5efaHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b<\/strong>\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6ce8\u5165HttpClient\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230UI\u5143\u7d20\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u65e2\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u6027\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0eWeb API\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001CONFIGURING HTTPCLIENT<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728Blazor\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6eHttpClient\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eBlazor WebAssembly\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728Program.cs\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0HttpClient\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6ce8\u518c\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-csharp\">builder.Services.AddScoped(sp =&gt; new HttpClient { BaseAddress = new Uri(builder.HostEnvironment.BaseAddress) });<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u6837\u914d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0cHttpClient\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c06\u4f9d\u636e\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u5730\u5740\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5bf9\u4e8eBlazor Server\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Startup.cs\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-csharp\">services.AddScoped&lt;HttpClient&gt;();<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8be5\u914d\u7f6e\u5141\u8bb8\u670d\u52a1\u901a\u8fc7\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u88ab\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001INJECTING HTTPCLIENT IN BLAZOR COMPONENTS<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528HttpClient\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f15\u5165\u5b83\u3002\u5728Blazor\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u5728Razor\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528@Inject\u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-csharp\">@inject HttpClient Http<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cHttpClient\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5373\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001BUILDING HTTP REQUESTS<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u65e6HttpClient\u88ab\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efaHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u4eceWeb API\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528GetAsync\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-csharp\">var response = aw<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/59162.html\" target=\"_blank\">AI<\/a>t Http.GetAsync(&quot;api\/data&quot;);<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5bf9\u4e8ePOST\u3001PUT\u3001DELETE\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684HttpClient\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982PostAsync\u3001PutAsync\u548cDeleteAsync\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001HANDLING RESPONSES<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u662f\u4e0eWeb API\u4ea4\u4e92\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e00\u73af\u3002\u6536\u5230\u54cd\u5e94\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u67e5HTTP\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636eAPI\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u6216\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-csharp\">if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)<\/p>\n<p>{<\/p>\n<p>    var data = await response.Content.ReadFromJsonAsync&lt;MyDataType&gt;();<\/p>\n<p>}<\/p>\n<p>else<\/p>\n<p>{<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ Handle error<\/p>\n<p>}<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7IsSuccessStatusCode\u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u3002 ReadFromJsonAsync\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06JSON\u54cd\u5e94\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e3a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e94\u3001BINDING DATA TO UI<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u83b7\u53d6Web API\u7684\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230UI\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Blazor\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7279\u6027\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5728Razor\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528C#\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-csharp\">@if (data != null)<\/p>\n<p>{<\/p>\n<p>    &lt;p&gt;@data.SomeProperty&lt;\/p&gt;<\/p>\n<p>}<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u5b9e\u73b0\u73b0\u573a\u66f4\u65b0\u7b49\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u516d\u3001ERROR HANDLING<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8c03\u7528Web API\u65f6\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u68c0\u67e5HTTP\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u9519\u8bef\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-csharp\">try<\/p>\n<p>{<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ HTTP requests<\/p>\n<p>}<\/p>\n<p>catch (HttpRequestException e)<\/p>\n<p>{<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ Handle network errors<\/p>\n<p>}<\/p>\n<p>catch (JsonException e)<\/p>\n<p>{<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ Handle serialization errors<\/p>\n<p>}<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5404\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e03\u3001ASYNCHRONOUS PROGRAMMING<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56e0\u4e3aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u662fI\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5f02\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u6027\u3002Blazor\u652f\u6301\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14HttpClient\u7684\u6240\u6709API\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f02\u6b65\u7248\u672c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528async\u548cawait\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u540c\u65f6\u5b9e\u73b0\u975e\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-csharp\">public async Task LoadDataAsync()<\/p>\n<p>{<\/p>\n<p>    var response = await Http.GetAsync(&quot;api\/data&quot;);<\/p>\n<p>    \/\/ More operations<\/p>\n<p>}<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728Blazor\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5\u8981\u683c\u5916\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5982OnInitializedAsync\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728Blazor\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528Web API\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d89\u53ca\u914d\u7f6eHttpClient\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u4ee5\u53caUI\u6570\u636e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Blazor\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u524d\u540e\u7aef\u4ea4\u4e92\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Blazor\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528Web API\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728Blazor\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528Web API\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5728Blazor\u5e94\u7528\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9Web API\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528HttpClient\u7c7b\u6765\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u63a5\u6536\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528Web API\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6ce8\u5165HttpClient\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982GetAsync\u3001PostAsync\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Blazor\u5e94\u7528\u4e0eWeb API\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5728Blazor\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528Web API\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u5728Blazor\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528Web API\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8c03\u7528Web API\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5904\u4f7f\u7528try-catch\u5757\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8c03\u7528GetAsync\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528try-catch\u5757\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u8be5\u5f02\u5e38\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u91c7\u53d6\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u8865\u6551\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528HttpClient\u7684\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u6216\u8fdb\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Blazor\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u4eceWeb API\u8fd4\u56de\u7684JSON\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4eceWeb 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