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fix(backups, postgres): start a Postgres restore from the backup it names - #4443
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Included review availability: This review used your included allowance. Your plan provides up to 8 included reviews per hour; 4 remain after this review. 📝 WalkthroughWalkthroughPostgres recovery configuration now accepts a backup ID. The CNPG backup driver records backup identity and stop time, then uses that information to select a base backup during restore. ChangesPostgreSQL backup restore
Priority: ➖ Normal Estimated code review effort: 3 (Moderate) | ~25 minutes Change: Bug fix Sequence Diagram(s)sequenceDiagram
participant CNPGBackup
participant RestoreController
participant PostgresApp
CNPGBackup->>RestoreController: provide backup ID and stop time
RestoreController->>RestoreController: resolve source backup and select recovery backup ID
RestoreController->>PostgresApp: apply restore configuration with selected backup ID
Suggested reviewers: Merge Risk: ⚪ Minimal · up to No actionable merge-blocking issue remains in the supplied evidence. The reported controller and chart tests passed, though a live-cluster restore was not run. Security Architecture ReviewSecurity architecture risk: 🟡 Moderate · up to Pinning the requested backup reduces the risk of restoring data from the wrong branch. The new selection also depends on a live backup record matching the saved backup artifact; if that association changes, a restore could select different data. The effective protections against that case are not fully established. Retained concerns
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Inline comments:
In `@internal/backupcontroller/cnpgtypes/deepcopy_test.go`:
- Line 42: In the DeepCopy test, save stopped.Time before mutating the copied
timestamp, then compare original.Status.StoppedAt against the saved value. This
ensures the assertion detects whether DeepCopy shares the StoppedAt pointer.
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📒 Files selected for processing (14)
api/apps/v1alpha1/postgresql/types.godocs/operations/backup-classes.mdinternal/backupcontroller/cnpgstrategy_controller.gointernal/backupcontroller/cnpgstrategy_controller_test.gointernal/backupcontroller/cnpgtypes/deepcopy_test.gointernal/backupcontroller/cnpgtypes/types.gointernal/backupcontroller/cnpgtypes/zz_generated.deepcopy.gointernal/backupcontroller/postgresapp/types.gopackages/apps/postgres/README.mdpackages/apps/postgres/templates/db.yamlpackages/apps/postgres/tests/backup_storage_test.yamlpackages/apps/postgres/values.schema.jsonpackages/apps/postgres/values.yamlpackages/system/postgres-rd/cozyrds/postgres.yaml
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Andrey Kolkov (androndo)
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Andrey Kolkov (androndo)
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Verdict
NOT LGTM
A Backup whose barman base backup was pruned by retention now gets pinned anyway. An in-place restore from it purges the target Cluster and then cannot recover. The same restore succeeds today.
Findings
- [MAJOR]
internal/backupcontroller/cnpgstrategy_controller.go:1414, The recorded cnpg.io/backup-id is pinned without checking that the backup still exists
Claim mismatches
[PARTIAL] "A RestoreJob now starts from the base backup its Backup refers to". When that base backup has been pruned, the restore now fails after the purge, where before it fell back.
Caveats
- Upgrade:
helm templatebase against head over 6bootstrapcorners gives 0 regressions. OnlybackupIDset changes output. The new fields areomitempty, no migration is needed, and thecnpg.io/Backupget reuses an existing read. Fresh install: no new dependencies. - Plugin v0.13.0 and CNPG 1.30.0 webhook behaviour for
backupID+targetTimematches the description. - e2e coverage of
bootstrap.backupID: the postgres chainsaw restore-to-copy case will go through the pinned path, butE2E Testsis still pending on this head, and no suite coversrecoveryTimecombined withbackupID.
Aleksei Sviridkin (lexfrei)
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Aleksei Sviridkin (lexfrei)
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mattia-eleuteri NOT LGTM for now. The fix itself is right. What blocks it is the branch state and the commit history.
Business context: a Postgres RestoreJob should start from the base backup its Backup names, not from whichever backup the barman-cloud plugin picks out of the catalog.
The selection logic matches the versions this repo ships. plugin-barman-cloud v0.13.0 calls FindBackupInfo whenever recoveryTarget is set and LatestBackupInfo otherwise, and FindBackupInfo returns the backup by ID before it looks at time or timeline. CNPG 1.30 BuildPostgresOptions emits no recovery target for backupID alone, so a pin without recoveryTime still replays to the end of the archive. The one-second margin on stoppedAt, the unpinned path for a missing cnpg.io/Backup, and clearing a stale backupID through the merge patch all hold up. go test ./internal/backupcontroller/... and helm unittest packages/apps/postgres pass on 1b0e582. I also moved the threshold to stoppedAt itself and dropped backupID from the recoveryTarget condition in db.yaml, and a test fails for each.
Blockers:
-
The branch conflicts with main in two files:
internal/backupcontroller/cnpgstrategy_controller_test.goandpackages/system/postgres-rd/cozyrds/postgres.yaml. Both look mechanical. New tests landed at the same spot in the test file, and the RD just needs regenerating after the rebase. The controller itself merges clean. The rebase will also get the PR its firstE2E Testsrun, since nothing ran on this head while the fork e2e lane was broken. -
Three of the five commits describe or repair earlier states of this PR, and the repo merges with merge commits, so every message lands in main as written. f1bb5b5 says the driver "now records barman's backupId and the backup's end on the Backup artifact", which the final tree does not do. e186842 explains why the artifact "no longer carries it", which only makes sense next to f1bb5b5. b199b4d fixes a test that f1bb5b5 added. Please squash these three into one fix commit whose body describes the final design: pin from the live
cnpg.io/Backup, and skip the pin when it is gone or whenrecoveryTimeis before the backup ended. The two docs commits can stay as they are.
Non-blocking:
- The downstream checklist says a website follow-up is needed but links nothing. The contributing checklist asks for a link, and an issue is enough if a docs PR is too early.
- A base backup removed from the bucket by something other than plugin retention (a lifecycle rule, a manual delete) is still pinned, and that restore fails after the purge with no way to unpin it from the RestoreJob. The PR body already says this. Failing is more honest than silently restoring another backup, but one sentence in the docs next to
BaseBackupGonewould save someone a few confused retries.
Without recoveryTarget.backupID the barman-cloud plugin chooses the base backup itself: the newest one in the catalog when no recoveryTime is set, and the newest one ending by recoveryTime otherwise, on any timeline since no targetTLI is passed. A RestoreJob naming an older Backup therefore started from another one, and on an archive holding sibling timelines - left by in-place restores that archived back under the source serverName - from another branch, bringing back that branch's data. The restore reads barman's backupId and the backup's stoppedAt from the live cnpg.io/Backup behind the Backup, and passes the id through the chart as bootstrap.recovery.recoveryTarget.backupID. The plugin gives backupID precedence over time-based selection, and CNPG does not count it among the mutually exclusive targets, so it combines with targetTime. Two cases keep the plugin's choice. A recoveryTime earlier than one second past stoppedAt: the named backup cannot serve an instant before it is consistent, and stoppedAt is truncated to the second while barman compares its end time to the microsecond. And a cnpg.io/Backup that is gone: plugin-barman-cloud's retention deletes it together with the base backup it describes, and the driver deletes one only with its artifact, so pinning its id would purge the target and then fail the recovery on every retry. That restore records a BaseBackupGone warning event instead. A re-restore into the same target clears a backupID left by a previous one. Assisted-by: LLM Signed-off-by: Mattia Eleuteri <[email protected]>
The recoverable window was described as ending at the newest archived WAL segment, and the safe fallback as "at/before the most recent completed backup". A time-targeted recovery ends just before the first transaction after the target, and a segment switch or a backup is not one, so on a database at rest every instant after its last write fails, including the end of a later backup. Aiming at a backup's stoppedAt also misses it: stoppedAt is truncated to the second and the plugin compares barman's end time to the microsecond. Describe the bound the recovery actually has, how to read it from the archive, the one-second margin on stoppedAt, what pinning the base backup changes, and why archives with several timelines need it. Assisted-by: LLM Signed-off-by: Mattia Eleuteri <[email protected]>
…ibling recovery_target_timeline latest targets the highest consecutively numbered history file, without checking that it descends from the base backup. On an archive holding sibling branches that can be another branch, and recovery then stops with "requested timeline N is not a child of this server's history" rather than following the backup's own line of descent. The page also names the second case where a restore does not pin its base backup: a cnpg.io/Backup removed by retention. Assisted-by: LLM Signed-off-by: Mattia Eleuteri <[email protected]>
…inned A restore leaves the base backup to the plugin only once the cnpg.io/Backup is gone. A base backup removed from the bucket by a lifecycle rule or by hand keeps its cnpg.io/Backup until the plugin's next maintenance pass on the source cluster, and indefinitely once that cluster no longer runs under the same UID. A restore in that window fails after the purge and on every retry, with nothing on the RestoreJob to unpin it; deleting the cnpg.io/Backup is the way out and does not touch the object store. Assisted-by: LLM Signed-off-by: Mattia Eleuteri <[email protected]>
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Aleksei Sviridkin (@lexfrei) Rebased on main and squashed, now at 1cefadc. Blockers
Non-blocking
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Aleksei Sviridkin (lexfrei)
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mattia-eleuteri LGTM. Both blockers are resolved on 1cefadc.
The code changes against main are the same as on 1b0e582, apart from the regenerated RD line. The test file keeps main's tests next to the new ones, and regenerating the schema and the RD from values.yaml gives no diff. The three fix commits are now one, and its message describes the final design.
I checked the new docs paragraph against plugin-barman-cloud v0.13.0: the 1800-second default, the primary-only check and the cluster UID match retention.go. Go tests and helm unittest pass locally, and CI is green on this head, including the fork e2e run.
3 participants
What this PR does
A Postgres
RestoreJobnow starts from the base backup itsBackuprefers to, and the PITR documentation describes the window the recovery actually has.Starting from the named backup. Without
recoveryTarget.backupIDthe barman-cloud plugin picks the base backup itself (internal/cnpgi/restore/restore.goin plugin-barman-cloud, thenFindBackupInfoin barman-cloudpkg/catalog): the newest backup of the catalog when norecoveryTimeis set, otherwise the newest one whose end is not afterrecoveryTime, on any timeline since notargetTLIis passed. ARestoreJobnaming an olderBackuptherefore started from another one, and on an archive that holds sibling timelines — left by in-place restores that archived back under the sourceserverName, before restored clusters got a freshnewServerName— it could start from another branch and bring back that branch's data.FindBackupInfogivesbackupIDprecedence over time-based selection, and CNPG's webhook does not count it among the mutually exclusive targets, so it combines withtargetTime.backupIdand the backup'sstoppedAtfrom theBackup'scnpg.io/Backupand sets the new chart valuebootstrap.backupID, rendered asbootstrap.recovery.recoveryTarget.backupID;recoveryTimeearlier than one second paststoppedAt: the named backup cannot serve an instant before it is consistent, andstoppedAtis truncated to the second while the catalog compares barman's end time to the microsecond. Those requests keep the plugin's time-based choice, as today;cnpg.io/Backupis gone. plugin-barman-cloud's retention deletes it together with the base backup it describes (deleteBackupsNotInCatalog), and the driver deletes one only with its artifact, so a missing one means the catalog has lost that base backup: pinning it would purge the target and then fail the recovery. The plugin's choice recovers to the same end of the archive, and theRestoreJobgets aBaseBackupGonewarning event. A base backup deleted from the object store by other means is still pinned for as long as itscnpg.io/Backupstays, and that restore fails after the purge; plugin-barman-cloud deletes such acnpg.io/Backupon its next maintenance pass (deleteBackupsNotInCatalog, everyretentionPolicyIntervalSeconds, retention policy or not), but only from the primary of the cluster that took it, under the same UID. Telling it apart earlier would need reading the barman catalog, which the driver does not do; the documentation says so, and that deleting thecnpg.io/Backupby hand is the way out;backupIDleft by a previous one.Documentation (
docs/operations/backup-classes.md, PostgreSQL PITR):recovery ended before configured recovery target was reached, including "at/before the most recent completed backup", which the page recommended as the safe choice; the state as of the last write is obtained by omittingrecoveryTime;stoppedAtmisses that backup (the plugin keeps only a backup whose end is not after the target), falling back to an older one or tono target backup found; the page now says to aim one second past it;recovery_target_timeline: latestfrom the backup's timeline through the consecutively numbered history files it can find, so a missing.historyconfines the replay to the backup's own timeline and the bound is the last transaction on that timeline, while a targeted timeline that does not descend from the backup stops recovery withrequested timeline N is not a child of this server's history.Tests.
TestCNPGRestoreBackupID(the pinning rule),TestReconcileCNPGRestore_PinsTheRequestedBackup(drives a restore through the purge and reads back the patchedPostgresapp, including acnpg.io/Backupremoved by retention, with and withoutrecoveryTime),TestBuildPostgresAppRestorePatch_ReplacesBackupID, a deep-copy test for the newstoppedAtfield, and threehelm unittestcases forrecoveryTarget. With the rule disabled, 4 of the rule cases and 3 of the reconcile cases fail; with the template change removed, 2 chart cases fail; the retention case fails against the first version of this PR, which pinned an id recorded on the artifact; the deep-copy test fails onceStoppedAtis dropped from the generatedDeepCopyInto.go test ./internal/backupcontroller/...andhelm unittest packages/apps/postgres(139/139, after rebasing on main) pass. Not run: the e2e suite (hack/e2e-chainsaw), and a restore against a live cluster with this driver.Screenshots
No UI change.
Downstream repositories
content/en/docs/next/operations/services/backup-classes.md(andv1.6/) carries a copy of the corrected "The recoverable window" and "Discovering the earliest / latest restorable time" sections; the window andstoppedAtcorrections apply to released versions too, thebackupIDpart only once this is released.bootstrap.backupIDto the postgresvalues.schema.json, but the provider does not manage thebootstrapblock (internal/provider/postgresql_schema.go: "bootstrap blocks use server defaults"), and theRestoreJobCRD is unchanged. Left unticked for a maintainer to confirm.Release note
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