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Park Chan-wook

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Park Chan-wook
Park at the 2026 Cannes Film Festival
Born (1963-08-23) August 23, 1963 (age 63)
Seoul, South Korea
Other nameBakridamae (박리다매)
EducationSogang University, Seoul, South Korea
Occupations
  • Film director
  • producer
  • screenwriter
Years active1988–present
Works
Spouse
Kim Eun-hee
​
(m. 1990)​
Children1
Relatives
AwardsFull list
Honours Bogwan Order of Cultural Merit (2002)
Eun-gwan Order of Cultural Merit (2022)
Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (2026)
Korean name
Hangul
박찬욱
Hanja
朴贊郁
RRBak Chanuk
MRPak Ch'anuk

Park Chan-wook (Korean: 박찬욱; pronounced [pak̚ tɕʰanuk̚]; born August 23, 1963) is a South Korean filmmaker and former film critic. Widely regarded as a leading figure in South Korean and 21st-century world cinema,[a] he is known for films that blend crime, mystery, and thriller elements with other genres. His films are noted for their cinematography, framing, black humor, and often brutal subject matter.[b]

After two unsuccessful films in the 1990s which he has since largely disowned, Park came to prominence with his acclaimed third directorial effort, Joint Security Area (2000), which became the highest-grossing film in South Korean history at the time and which Park himself prefers to be regarded as his directorial debut.[9][10] Using his newfound creative freedom, he would go on to direct the films forming his unofficial The Vengeance Trilogy: Sympathy for Mr. Vengeance (2002), a financial failure that polarized critics, followed by Oldboy (2003) and Lady Vengeance (2005), both of which received critical acclaim and were financially successful. Oldboy in particular is regarded as one of the greatest films ever made, and helped establish Park as a well-known director outside his native country.[c]

Most of Park's work following The Vengeance Trilogy was also commercially and critically successful both in South Korea and internationally, such as Thirst (2009), The Handmaiden (2016), which earned Park the BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language, and Decision to Leave (2022), which won the Best Director award at the 2022 Cannes Film Festival.[11] He directed the English-language miniseries The Little Drummer Girl (2018) and The Sympathizer (2024). His 2025 film No Other Choice was nominated for the Golden Globe for Best Foreign Language Film and shortlisted for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film.

Early life and education

[edit]

Park Chan-wook was born in Seoul on August 23, 1963. He comes from a prominent, multi-generational local family. His father, Park Don-seo, was an architecture professor and dean at Ajou University, and his mother is a poet. Although Park originally dreamed of becoming a painter, he later shifted his aspirations toward becoming an art critic, believing that while he shared his brother's aesthetic sensibility, he lacked the technical drawing skills that his brother possessed.[12][13][14]

His passion for cinema developed in his youth, influenced by foreign films he watched on his family black-and-white TV, broadcast by AFKN (American Forces Korea Network). As these programs were intended for U.S. personnel, they were mostly aired without Korean subtitles, requiring him to interpret the films purely through their cinematic elements and narrative structure. Park also credits his early experiences watching the James Bond franchise in theaters as an influence.[15][16]

Aiming to become an art critic, Park enrolled in the Department of Philosophy at Sogang University. However, the university did not have a formal arts program, so he joined the campus photography and film clubs.[16] In the film club, screenings of foreign films from VHS tapes became a significant turning point in his life. After watching Alfred Hitchcock's Vertigo (1958), Park decided to pursue a career in filmmaking.[17]

Career

[edit]

Beginning in 1990s

[edit]

After graduating, he began a career in film criticism and wrote articles on the subject for various publications. In 1988, he gained experience as an assistant director on Yu Yeong-jin's film Kkamdong. It was followed by 1989 film Watercolor Painting in a Rainy Day, directed by Kwak Jae-yong (who later gained fame for My Sassy Girl).[18] Park's feature film debut, The Moon Is... the Sun's Dream was released in 1992. Five years later, he directed his second film, Trio, but neither film performed well at the box office.[19] Because his first two films were commercial failures, Park had to support himself by working as a film critic across television and radio platforms.[14][20]

Breakthrough

[edit]

In 1999, Park was given the opportunity to create a short film titled Judgement, inspired by the Sampoong Department Store collapse. He collaborated with stage actors and held his first script reading, realizing that actors are not just "puppets." He appreciated the creative dialogue with them, acknowledging it as a luxury that novelists do not have.[15]

This collaborative spirit continued with his third feature film, Joint Security Area, which tells the story of four soldiers from both North and South Korea who develop an unexpected friendship, leading to tragic consequences. During filming, Park and the actors formed strong bonds, often working late into the night and socializing afterward. Released in 2000, Joint Security Area became a major commercial and critical success, surpassing Kang Je-gyu's Shiri as the most-watched film in South Korea at the time.[21] In 2009, Quentin Tarantino praised it of "the top twenty films made since 1992."[22] In a 2017 interview, Park reflected on this, stating, "Many people think my directorial debut film is JSA, but I want to keep it that way".[23]

Moho Film and Vengeance Trilogy

[edit]

The success of Joint Security Area granted Park the independence to pursue more personal projects, leading him to establish his own production company, Moho Film, in 2002.[24] Leveraging this newfound creative freedom, he directed a series of films that would become his unofficial "Vengeance Trilogy": Sympathy for Mr. Vengeance (2002), Oldboy (2003), and Lady Vengeance (2005). Though not originally intended as a set, the films are linked by their exploration of the futility of revenge and the havoc it wreaks on those involved.[25]

The trilogy began with Sympathy for Mr. Vengeance (2002), a financial failure that polarized critics. However, the second film of the trilogy, Oldboy (2003), was a breakout success.[c] American director Quentin Tarantino, an avowed fan of Park's work, served as the jury president at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival. Tarantino personally lobbied for Oldboy to be awarded the Palme d'Or, though the honor eventually went to Michael Moore's Fahrenheit 9/11.[31] Oldboy instead garnered the Grand Prix, the festival's second-highest honor.[22] Completing the trilogy, Lady Vengeance was later distributed by Tartan Films for its United States theatrical release in April 2006.[32]

In 2006, Park was a member of the official jury section at the 63rd Venice International Film Festival. In February 2007, Park won the Alfred Bauer Prize at the 57th Berlin International Film Festival. The award, named after the festival's founder and in praise of works that introduce new perspectives, went to Park for his film, I'm a Cyborg, But That's OK.[33]

Park at the Festival Internacional de Cinema de Catalunya 2009

In 2009, Park directed the vampire film Thirst, starring Song Kang-ho, which won the Prix du Jury (alongside Fish Tank, directed by Andrea Arnold) at the 2009 Cannes Film Festival. He considered directing Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy but ultimately turned it down.[34]

In 2011, brothers Park Chan-wook and Park Chan-kyong collaborated under the creative brand PARKing CHANce to co-write, direct, and produce the fantasy-horror short film Paranmanjang (also known as Night Fishing). Featuring singer-actress Lee Jung-hyun, the film was entirely shot using iPhone 4.[35][36][37]. This project emerged from a strategic partnership with KT, South Korea's exclusive iPhone distributor, which provided 150 million won (approximately $133,447) in funding.[38] The film was presented to over 100 reporters on January 11, 2011, before its public release on January 27. It garnered a nomination for Berlinale Shorts at the 61st Berlin International Film Festival and won the Golden Bear for Best Short Film.[39]

PARKing CHANce's second short film, Day Trip (2012), was released in late December 2012. In this film, Song portrayed a long-haired, immortal master while incorporating pansori, a traditional Korean musical genre, which created considerable anticipation. The film received praise for elevating the artistic quality of a short film initially intended for commercial advertisement.[40]

In 2013, Park directed his first film in English-language, Stoker.[41] He said he learned to accelerate the production process and completed filming in 480 hours.[34] Although Park does speak English, he used an interpreter on set.[34] On why the script attracted his attention, Park said: "It wasn't a script that tried to explain everything and left many things as questions, so it leads the audience to find answers for themselves, and that's what I liked about the script... I like telling big stories through small, artificially created worlds".[42][34] On March 2, 2013, Park appeared on a panel discussion about the film Stoker held at the Freer Gallery of Art in the Smithsonian's Museums of Asian Art.[43]

Following this, PARKing CHANce released a music video in late July 2013. Starring Lee Jung-hyun, a well-known singer-actress and a pioneer of Hallyu in China, the music video was described as cinematic and disrupted conventional music video norms. It was lauded for its artistic merit and commercial appeal, racking up hundreds of thousands of views on YouTube.[40]

International acclaim with The Handmaiden

[edit]

In 2014, Park directed a short film A Rose Reborn, commissioned by luxury brand Ermenegildo Zegna, co-written by himself, Ayako Fujitani, Chung Chung-hoon and Michael Werwie, scored by Clint Mansell, and starring Jack Huston and Daniel Wu. It screened at the Rome International Film Festival and the Busan International Film Festival.[44] In October 2014, it was announced that Park had signed on to direct the sci-fi body-swap film, Second Born.[45]

Park presenting The Handmaiden at the 2016 Lumière Film Festival

In September 2014, it was announced that Park would adapt Fingersmith, a historical crime novel by Sarah Waters.[46] The film entered production in mid-2015 and ended on October 31, 2015.[47] That film ended up becoming The Handmaiden and premiered in competition to rave reviews at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival, where Artistic Director Ryu Seong-hie won the Vulcain Prize for the Technical Arts, and the film was nominated for both the Palme d' Or and Queer Palm.[48] The film saw box office success in several countries, including South Korea, the United States and the United Kingdom.[49][11]

In January 2018, it was stated that Park would direct a TV miniseries adaptation of The Little Drummer Girl, a novel by John le Carré. It aired on BBC One in October of that year and stars Michael Shannon, Florence Pugh and Alexander Skarsgård.[50]

At the 24th Busan International Film Festival, Park said that he is writing scripts for feature films, for theater and for TV, including a new installment in the Vengeance Trilogy, and an adaptation of Donald E. Westlake's novel The Ax.[51] Park had first discussed adapting the book in 2009, when he received approval from Costa-Gavras who owned the rights and directed a previous rendition of the novel.[52][53]

Further acclaim

[edit]
Park in 2025

In May 2020, it was announced that he was working on his next film, tentatively titled Heeojil gyeolsim (The Decision to Break Up). It is described as a melodrama and stars Tang Wei and Park Hae-il.[54][55] In October 2020, the title of the film was revealed as Decision to Leave, with the story described as a murder mystery romance. The film was set to begin shooting later that month.[56][57] In April 2021, A24 optioned Viet Thanh Nguyen's 2015 novel The Sympathizer for a TV adaptation, with Park directing.[58][59] He was awarded Best Director at the 2022 Cannes Film Festival for his work on Decision to Leave.[60][61]

In August 2024, Park began filming his adaptation of The Ax, titled No Other Choice.[62][63] Park wrote the screenplay with previous collaborators Lee Kyoung-mi, Don McKellar and Lee Ja-hye. The film would also see Park reunite with actors Lee Byung-hun and Cha Seung-won.[64]

In February 2026, Park was named jury president for the 2026 Cannes Film Festival, marking the first time a South Korean had been appointed to head the panel.[65]

Filmmaking

[edit]
Song Kang-ho

In a May 2004 interview with The Hollywood Reporter, Park cited Sophocles, Shakespeare, Kafka, Dostoevsky, Balzac and Kurt Vonnegut as primary career influences.[17] Additionally, he has identified Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver as a "monument of film history" and one of his favorite films.[66] His selection of 61 favorite films for LaCinetek features multiple works by Luchino Visconti, Abel Ferrara, Michelangelo Antonioni, Mikio Naruse and Alfred Hitchcock.[67]

Park Chan-wook's filmography is characterized by a focus on precise cinematography, framing, black humor, and violent subject matter.[7][8] Beyond traditional feature films, Park explores alternative formats through PARKing CHANce, a collaborative production brand he founded with his younger brother, media artist Park Chan-kyong. The name is a play on the brothers' shared surname and the syllable in their given names, while also functioning as a tongue-in-cheek English translation reflecting their desire to secure challenging creative opportunities. Operating through this brand, the duo has directed several short films, including Night Fishing (2011), Odalslow (2011), Day Trip (2012), V (2013), Decades Apart (2017), and Believe It or Not (2018).[68][69][70]

In writers room, Park collaborated with screenwriter Jeong Seo-kyeong on several projects, such as Lady Vengeance, I'm a Cyborg, But That's OK, Thirst, The Handmaiden, and Decision to Leave.[71][72][73] Lee Kyoung-mi served as assistant director on Lady Vengeance.[74] Park subsequently produced, co-wrote, and cameoed in Lee's directorial debut Crush and Blush (2008),[75] co-wrote Lee's The Truth Beneath (2016),[76][77][78] and directed No Other Choice (2025) from a screenplay co-written by Lee.

Park sustains his creative output by maintaining tight-knit technical partnerships. He worked with Cinematographer Chung Chung-hoon for almost all of his films. Chung is known for his exceptional use of lighting and camera work, and his visual style has been a strong match for Park's directorial tone. Chung joined forces with Park on Oldboy.[79] His editing suite is anchored by Kim Sang-bum, who has edited nearly all of Park's features since Joint Security Area (2000).[80] Park's debut film, The Moon Is... the Sun's Dream was edited by Kim's father, Kim Hee-soo, and Park first met the family as a college student.[81] For his work on Decision to Leave, Kim Sang-bum won the José Salcedo Award for Best Editing at the Valladolid International Film Festival.[82]

Park has also collaborated with music director Jo Yeong-wook since Joint Security Area.[83] The two have since worked on several projects together, including Oldboy, Lady Vengeance, The Handmaiden, and Decision to Leave.[84][85]

Art director Ryu Seong-hie, make-up artist Song Jong-hee, and costume designer Jo Sang-gyeong have each shaped the distinct visual identity of Park's filmography across multiple decades and releases. Park first met Song since Joint Security Area. Park recruited Ryu for Oldboy while she was working on Memories of Murder,[81] and Jo also worked with Park for the first time on Oldboy.[86]

Park's casting choices also involved a recurring ensemble of prominent South Korean actors. Song Kang-ho has appeared in six of Park's feature length films. Other repeat performers include Shin Ha-kyun, who has appeared in four films, Park Hae-il, who has appeared in three films, and Lee Byung-hun, who has appeared in one short film and two feature films. These partnerships, along with the contributions of other lead actors like Choi Min-sik, Ha Jung-woo, as well as actresses Lee Young-ae, Moon So-ri, Son Ye-jin, and Kim Min-hee, have been central to the critical and commercial reception of Park's work within the global film industry.[citation needed]

Personal life

[edit]

Family and upbringing

[edit]

Park was raised in a devout Catholic household in Seoul, a city his family has called home for five generations. While his upbringing was rooted in faith, he now identifies as an agnostic.[87][88] He grew up in an environment focused on intellectual and cultural pursuits; his father, Park Don-seo, was a professor of architecture and dean at Ajou University, and his grandfather, Park Seung-seo, served as president of the Korean Bar Association. His younger brother, Park Chan-kyong, is a multimedia artist.[16]

Park met his wife, Kim Eun-hee, through a mutual friend while she was studying at Ewha Womans University.[12] He has since disclosed that when proposing, he misled his in-laws regarding his career by claiming to be a university professor. Park has frequently cited his wife's support as a cornerstone of his career, including during a 2015 tribute at the 15th Marrakech International Film Festival.[87] Their daughter, Park Seo-woo, has followed the family's artistic path, studying at the Korea National University of Arts and later joining the art department for Park's film The Handmaiden.[89] The couple resides in Heyri Art Valley in a residence designed by architect Kim Young-joon. The house utilizes a modern-traditional aesthetic and is configured with separate living quarters to accommodate both Park's immediate family and his parents.[15]

Political views

[edit]

In 2003, he shaved his head to protest the deaths of two South Korean schoolgirls in the Yangju highway incident. Ahead of the 2004 general election, he joined 226 other filmmakers in publicly declaring his support for the Democratic Labor Party[90] and was also a member of its successor, the New Progressive Party. He supported Justice Party candidate Sim Sang-jung in the 2017 South Korean presidential election.[91]

In 2014, he joined 100 other South Korean signatories in condemning military action in Gaza and calling in Seoul to halt arms sales to Israel.[92]

Filmography

[edit]

Bibliography

[edit]
Books written by Park
Year Title Pages Publisher ISBN Ref.
English Korean
1994 The Secret Charm of Watching Movies 영화보기의 은밀한 매력 — — — [90]
2005 The Movie of My Life 내 인생의 영화 255 Cine21 ISBN 89-95659-90-4
Park Chan-wook's Montage 박찬욱의 몽타주 299 Mind walk ISBN 89-89351-81-2 [93][94]
Park Chan-wook's Homage 박찬욱의 오마주 528 ISBN 89-89351-82-0 [95][96]
2017 There's No Secret to a Script 각본 비밀은 없다 196 Your Mind ISBN 9791186946138 [97]

Awards and nominations

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ↑ Multiple references:[1][2][3][4]
  2. ↑ Multiple references:[5][6][7][8]
  3. 1 2 Multiple references:[26][27][28][29][30]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ Chee, Alexander (October 16, 2017). "Park Chan-wook, the Man Who Put Korean Cinema on the Map". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 1, 2019. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
  2. ↑ "Park Chan-wook. Two History Lessons". Harvard Film Archive. March 1, 2019. Retrieved September 24, 2025.
  3. ↑ Tolentino, Jia (April 8, 2024). "Park Chan-wook Gets the Picture He Wants". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X. Retrieved September 24, 2025.
  4. ↑ AnOther (February 2, 2021). "Five Park Chan-Wook Films That Chart South Korea's Filmmaking Revolution". AnOther. Retrieved September 24, 2025.
  5. ↑ Choi, Christy (January 4, 2024). "'Oldboy' director Park Chan-wook on the new age of K-cinema". CNN. Retrieved September 24, 2025.
  6. ↑ Noh, Jean. "Park Chan-wook unravels the journey of making twisted black comedy 'No Other Choice'". Screen Daily. Retrieved September 24, 2025.
  7. 1 2 "Watch: Bold, Beautiful 7-Minute Supercut Tribute To The Films Of Park Chan-Wook". Indiewire.com. August 25, 2015. Archived from the original on March 12, 2017. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  8. 1 2 "Cannes 09: Park Chan-Wook's 'Thirst' Is An Absurdist Treat That Becomes Muddled; Overstays Its Welcome". Theplaylist.net. May 17, 2009. Archived from the original on March 12, 2017. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  9. ↑ Cotter, Padraig (September 29, 2020). "Why Park Chan-wook Has Disowned His Debut The Moon Is The Sun's Dream". ScreenRant. Retrieved September 18, 2023.
  10. ↑ Lah, Je-gi (January 29, 2017). 박찬욱 "여배우 강압 노출? 노동현장 인권문제" [Park Chan-wook: "Pressure on actresses for nudity? A human rights issue in the workplace."] (in Korean). Hankook Ilbo. Archived from the original on January 23, 2023. Retrieved January 23, 2023.
  11. 1 2 "The Handmaiden". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Archived from the original on February 27, 2019. Retrieved February 26, 2019.
  12. 1 2 히치콕이 내 인생 바꿨다 [Hitchcock changed my life]. The Hankyoreh (in Korean). May 27, 2004. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022. Retrieved February 18, 2024 – via Naver News.
  13. ↑ Chan-wook, Park. (December 10, 2005). 박찬욱의 몽타주 (Park's Montage) (essay). 마음 산책. "Introduction about the author, and the prologue". ISBN 89-89351-81-2.
  14. 1 2 Chae, Esther K. (July 1, 2006). "BOMB Magazine | Park Chanwook by Esther K. Chae". BOMB Magazine. Retrieved December 16, 2025.
  15. 1 2 3 Chee, Alexander (October 16, 2017). "Park Chan-wook, the Man Who Put Korean Cinema on the Map". Archived from the original on January 15, 2025. Retrieved December 16, 2025.
  16. 1 2 3 Tolentino, Jia (April 15, 2024). "Park Chan-wook Gets the Picture He Wants". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on August 9, 2024.
  17. 1 2 "Dialogue: Park Chan-wook". The Hollywood Reporter. May 14, 2004. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved July 14, 2007.
  18. ↑ Kim, Young-jin (2007). PARK Chan-wook. Seoul Selection. ISBN 9788991913943. Archived from the original on July 21, 2023. Retrieved November 2, 2020.
  19. ↑ "A.V. Club interview with Park Chan-wook". The A.V. Club. August 6, 2009. Archived from the original on August 10, 2009. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
  20. ↑ Jeong, May (December 21, 2025). "In No Other Choice, the real job killer is this guy". The Verge. Retrieved February 28, 2026.
  21. ↑ "Yellow Sea Rising: The Resurrection of South Korean Cinema". Blockmuseum.northwestern.edu. Archived from the original on June 9, 2010. Retrieved August 30, 2009.
  22. 1 2 Vogels, Pim (August 3, 2020). "10 Great Thriller Movies Recommended By Quentin Tarantino". Taste of Cinema - Movie Reviews and Classic Movie Lists. Archived from the original on February 18, 2024. Retrieved February 18, 2024.
  23. ↑ Lah, Je-gi (January 29, 2017). 박찬욱 "여배우 강압 노출? 노동현장 인권문제" [Park Chan-wook: "Coercion of actresses for nudity? A human rights issue in the workplace."] (in Korean). Hankook Ilbo. Archived from the original on January 23, 2023. Retrieved January 23, 2023.
  24. ↑ "KoBiz - Korean film, news, actor, movie, cinema, location & Korean Film Archive". Korean Film Biz Zone. Retrieved December 16, 2025.
  25. ↑ McConkey, Rachael. "Contemporary South Korean Auteurs". Traumafilm.com. Archived from the original on April 27, 2009. Retrieved May 7, 2008.
  26. ↑ "/Film's Top 100 Movies Of All Time". /Film. May 22, 2023. Archived from the original on August 1, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  27. ↑ "The 100 greatest foreign-language films". www.bbc.com. October 30, 2018. Archived from the original on December 25, 2020. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  28. ↑ "The 100 Greatest Movies Of The 21st Century". Empire. March 18, 2020. Archived from the original on August 17, 2021. Retrieved August 18, 2023.
  29. ↑ "The 100 best films of the 21st century (so far)". Time Out Worldwide. February 6, 2022. Archived from the original on March 21, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  30. ↑ Sciretta, Peter (October 5, 2008). "Empire Magazine's 500 Greatest Movies Of All Time". /Film. Archived from the original on February 23, 2022. Retrieved February 23, 2022.
  31. ↑ "The New Cult Canon: Oldboy". The A.V. Club. October 1, 2008. Archived from the original on October 1, 2009. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
  32. ↑ "Palisades Tartan unleashes the 8-Disc VENGEANCE TRILOGY Box". neurologist.uk.com. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
  33. ↑ "China's Tuya's Marriage wins Berlin film festival". Rawstory.com. February 17, 2007. Archived from the original on April 8, 2008. Retrieved May 7, 2008.
  34. 1 2 3 4 Lee, Rachel (March 28, 2012). "Park Chan-wook stalks a thriller with 'Stoker'". Korea JoongAng Daily. Archived from the original on April 18, 2012. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  35. ↑ "'Oldboy' director shoots new horror film on iPhone 4". CNN. January 11, 2011. Archived from the original on January 13, 2011. Retrieved January 11, 2011.
  36. ↑ "Oldboy director Park Chan-wook shoots new film on iPhone". The Guardian. Associated Press. January 10, 2011.
  37. ↑ Jaeyeon Woo (January 10, 2011). "A Novel Way of Using iPhone 4: Filmmaking". Wall Street Journal.
  38. ↑ "Movie made on iPhone bags Berlin film award". Korea JoongAng Daily. February 20, 2011. Retrieved August 16, 2026.
  39. ↑ "The Awards / Die Preise" (PDF). Berlinale.de. Berlin International Film Festival. February 19, 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 13, 2011. Retrieved February 20, 2011.
  40. 1 2 임수연 (June 14, 2017). "[스페셜] 파킹찬스의 작품들 짚어보기". 씨네21 (in Korean). Retrieved December 16, 2025.
  41. ↑ Kay, Jeremy (September 1, 2011). "Shooting begins on Stoker for Scott Free, Searchlight, Indian Paintbrush". Screen Daily. Archived from the original on October 10, 2012. Retrieved September 2, 2011.
  42. ↑ STOKER Featurette: "Director's Vision". YouTube. FoxSearchlight. March 5, 2013. Archived from the original on December 21, 2021. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
  43. ↑ "Korean Film Festival DC 2013". February 28, 2013. Archived from the original on April 11, 2018. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
  44. ↑ Akande, Zainab (October 23, 2014). "Watch: Park Chan-wook's Fashionista Thriller Starring Jack Huston and Jason Wu – IndieWire". www.indiewire.com. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
  45. ↑ "Park Chan-wook Signs On For Body-Swapping Sci-Fi Thriller". ScreenCrush. November 13, 2014. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
  46. ↑ Kim, Nemo (September 3, 2014). "Park Chan-wook to Shoot Sexy Crime Story 'Fingersmith'". Variety.com. Archived from the original on October 12, 2017. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
  47. ↑ "FIRST LOOK AT PARK CHAN-WOOK'S FINGERSMITH ADAPTATION THE HANDMAID". JoBlo. Archived from the original on January 13, 2016. Retrieved November 3, 2015.
  48. ↑ "Ah-ga-ssi". IMDb.com. Archived from the original on August 10, 2017. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
  49. ↑ "The Handmaiden (Ah-Ga-Ssi)". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on August 12, 2016. Retrieved February 26, 2019.
  50. ↑ "Michael Shannon Joins Park Chan-Wook's AMC Series 'The Little Drummer Girl'". Collider. January 25, 2018. Archived from the original on May 29, 2018. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
  51. ↑ Brzeski, Patrick; Scott, Matthew (August 10, 2019). "Busan: Park Chan-wook Reveals Plans for New Film Projects". hollywoodreporter.com. The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on December 8, 2019. Retrieved January 17, 2020.
  52. ↑ Han, Sunhee (October 12, 2009). "Park pushes for 'Couperet' remake". Variety.
  53. ↑ Kil, Sonia (October 6, 2019). "Busan: Park Chan-wook to Remake Costa Gavras' Dark Comedy 'The Ax'". Variety. Archived from the original on September 13, 2022.
  54. ↑ [단독]박찬욱 감독 신작 '헤어질 결심' 박해일·탕웨이 호흡 [[Exclusive] Director Park Chan-wook's new film *Decision to Leave* stars Park Hae-il and Tang Wei.]. Star News (in Korean). May 19, 2020. Archived from the original on June 22, 2020. Retrieved October 4, 2020 – via Naver News.
  55. ↑ Raup, Jordan (May 19, 2020). "Park Chan-wook's Next Film is a Melodrama Starring Tang Wei and Park Hae-il". thefilmstage.com. The Film Stage. Archived from the original on September 13, 2022. Retrieved September 13, 2022.
  56. ↑ Frater, Patrick (October 13, 2020). "Park Chan-wook Set to Start Shooting Next Movie 'Decision to Leave'". variety.com. Variety. Archived from the original on March 3, 2021. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
  57. ↑ Noh, Jean. "Park Chan-wook's First Movie Since 'Handmaiden' Is a Murder Mystery Romance Filming This Month". indiewire.com. IndieWire. Archived from the original on November 19, 2020. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
  58. ↑ "Park Chan-wook to Direct TV Adaptation of the Sympathizer". April 6, 2021. Archived from the original on April 7, 2021. Retrieved April 9, 2021.
  59. ↑ "Park Chan-wook Joins A24 for 'The Sympathizer,' His TV Return After 'Little Drummer Girl'". April 7, 2021. Archived from the original on April 8, 2021. Retrieved April 9, 2021.
  60. ↑ "David Cronenberg, Park Chan-wook, Kelly Reichardt Set for Cannes Competition". Hollywood Reporter. April 14, 2022. Archived from the original on April 16, 2022. Retrieved April 14, 2022.
  61. ↑ Tartaglione, Nancy (May 28, 2022). "Cannes Film Festival Winners Announced – Live". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on May 28, 2022. Retrieved May 28, 2022.
  62. ↑ Raup, Jordan (August 13, 2024). "First Teaser Poster for Park Chan-wook's I Can't Help It, Which Begins Shooting This Week". The Film Stage.
  63. ↑ Brzeski, Patrick (August 16, 2024). "Park Chan-wook to Begin Shooting Violent Comedy-Thriller 'No Other Choice'". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on August 16, 2024. Retrieved August 16, 2024.
  64. ↑ Brzeski, Patrick (August 16, 2024). "Park Chan-wook to Begin Shooting Violent Comedy-Thriller 'I Can't Help It'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 16, 2024.
  65. ↑ Baek, Byung-yeul (February 26, 2026). "Park Chan-wook Named 1st Korean to Head Cannes Jury". The Korea Times. Archived from the original on February 26, 2026. Retrieved February 26, 2026.
  66. ↑ LaCinetek (May 11, 2023). Park Chan-wook à propos de Taxi Driver de Martin Scorsese. Archived from the original on May 23, 2024. Retrieved May 23, 2024 – via YouTube.
  67. ↑ "Park Chan-wook's list". LaCinetek. Archived from the original on January 27, 2024. Retrieved May 23, 2024.
  68. ↑ "파킹찬스 PARKing CHANce 2010-2018". 57STUDIO. Retrieved December 16, 2025.
  69. ↑ "ASSOCIATED". magazine.sfac.or.kr (in Korean). Retrieved December 16, 2025.
  70. ↑ "문화체육관광부 한국문화원". www.korean-culture.org (in Korean). Retrieved December 16, 2025.
  71. ↑ 박찬욱의 버디라이터에서 마침내, 작가 '정서경'으로[플랫][2022 올해의 여성] [From Park Chan-wook's buddywriter, finally to the writer 'Jeong Seo-kyung' [flat][2022 Woman of the Year]]. Kyunghyang Shinmun (in Korean). Retrieved October 31, 2023 – via Naver News.
  72. ↑ 정서경 각본에서 박찬욱 영화까지 [From Jeong Seo-kyeong's screenplays to Park Chan-wook's films]. Vogue Korea (in Korean (South Korea)). January 6, 2017. Retrieved January 12, 2019.
  73. ↑ Brzeski, Patrick (January 13, 2023). "'Decision to Leave' Co-Screenwriter Chung Seo-kyung Reflects on 20 Years of Collaboration With Director Park Chan-wook". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
  74. ↑ Im, Ji-young (August 16, 2018). 이경미 감독의 유쾌한 질문 '잘돼가? 무엇이든' [Director Lee Kyung-mi's cheerful question 'Are you doing well? Anything']. SisaIN (in Korean (South Korea)). Retrieved July 24, 2025.
  75. ↑ Yang, Sung-jin (September 4, 2008). "Park makes debut as producer". The Korea Herald via Hancinema. Retrieved March 21, 2014.
  76. ↑ "[Herald Review] Jarring mixmatch of arthouse and thriller". Kpop Herald. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  77. ↑ "'The Truth Beneath': Busan Review | Reviews | Screen". screendaily.com. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  78. ↑ 장르적인 소재를 뜻밖의 방식으로 다루는 '비밀은 없다'. July 3, 2016. Archived from the original on March 28, 2017. Retrieved July 24, 2025.
  79. ↑ "Cinematography Style: Chung-hoon Chung". In Depth Cine. Archived from the original on November 1, 2023. Retrieved November 1, 2023.
  80. ↑ [씨네멘터리] "서울의 봄"은 이렇게 편집됐다 [[Cinementary] "Spring in Seoul" was edited like this.]. Seoul Broadcasting System (in Korean). December 10, 2023. Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  81. 1 2 김상범, 류승완, 류성희, 정서경, 오달수가 박찬욱 감독과 나눈 거침없는 대화 [Sang-beom Kim, Seung-wan Ryu, Seong-hee Ryu, Jeong Seo-kyung, and Oh Dal-su have an open conversation with director Park Chan-wook.]. Cine21 (in Korean). April 26, 2016. Archived from the original on March 21, 2024. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
  82. ↑ "FilmAffinity". FilmAffinity (in Mexican Spanish). Archived from the original on November 1, 2023. Retrieved November 1, 2023.
  83. ↑ Kim, Ki-chang (July 28, 2004). [대담한 문화읽기]듣는 영화 묘미를 아십니까 [[Bold Culture Reading] Do You Know the Beauty of "Listening to Movies"?]. Segye Ilbo (in Korean). Retrieved February 18, 2024 – via Naver News.
  84. ↑ "Cho Young-wuk (Film Music Composer)". Hangul Celluloid. September 25, 2014. Archived from the original on February 13, 2018. Retrieved October 7, 2014.
  85. ↑ "KCC UK Year of the Professionals: Jo Yeong-wook 조영욱". Korean Class Massive. September 30, 2014. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved October 7, 2014.
  86. ↑ "제작의 불안과 열정을 담았다_ 의 한선희 감독, 백준오 프로듀서". JEONJU Intl. Film Festival. Retrieved July 22, 2026.
  87. 1 2 Dale, Martin (December 10, 2015). "Park Chan-wook Talks About Next Pic The Handmaiden". Variety. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved November 23, 2018.
  88. ↑ Murphy, Mekado (July 30, 2009). "Faith and Fangs: An Interview With Park Chan-wook". Artbeats. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved April 21, 2019. Were there issues of faith in your own life that made you interested in creating this character?: I grew up in a very Catholic family. Up until puberty, I would go to a Catholic church every week. That is where I started to take an interest in religion, although currently I have no faith. But I had been made aware of a sense of guilt that is unique to Catholics.
  89. ↑ 박찬욱 감독, 아내와 딸 데리고 칸영화제 참석 [Director Park Chan-wook attends the Cannes Film Festival with his wife and daughter.]. Hankook Ilbo (in Korean (South Korea)). May 13, 2016. Archived from the original on January 7, 2024. Retrieved January 7, 2024.
  90. 1 2 Kim, Ji-yeon (May 25, 2009). 칸영화제 심사위원상 박찬욱 감독 [Cannes Film Festival Jury Prize winner Park Chan-wook]. Yonhap News (in Korean). Retrieved December 16, 2025 – via Naver.
  91. ↑ 박찬욱 감독이 말하는 심상정에게 투표한다는 것, "언제가 되어야 아무 걱정없이 자기 소신껏 투표를 할 수 있다는 말입니까?" by 심상정 선대위. 심상정. April 26, 2017. Archived from the original on December 21, 2021 – via YouTube.
  92. ↑ Child, Ben (August 6, 2014). "Park Chan-wook signs petition against Israel's 'civilian massacre' in Gaza by Ben Child". The Guardian.
  93. ↑ 박찬욱의 몽타주. Book.naver.com. Archived from the original on February 24, 2021. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
  94. ↑ 박찬욱의 몽타주. Book.daum.net. Archived from the original on October 6, 2011. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
  95. ↑ 박찬욱의 오마주. Book.daum.net. Archived from the original on October 6, 2011. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
  96. ↑ 박찬욱의 오마주. Book.naver.com. Archived from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
  97. ↑ 각본 비밀은 없다. Book.naver.com.Retrieved September 7, 2026.
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